Electrospun Mats from Styrene/Maleic Anhydride Copolymers: Modification with Amines and Assessment of Antimicrobial Activity

Abstract

New antimicrobial microfibrous electrospun mats from styrene/maleic anhydride copolymers were prepared. Two approaches were applied: (i) grafting of poly(propylene glycol) monoamine (Jeffamine® M-600) on the mats followed by formation of complex with iodine; (ii) modification of the mats with amines of 8-hydroxyquinoline or biguanide type with antimicrobial activity. Microbiological screening against S. aureus, E. coli and C. albicans revealed that both the formation of complex with iodine and the covalent attachment of 5-amino-8-hydroxyquinoline or of chlorhexidine impart high antimicrobial activity to the mats. In addition, S. aureus bacteria did not adhere to modified mats.

Interaction of gelatin with polyenes modulates antifungal activity and biocompatibility of electrospun fiber mats

“…26 Electrospun fiber mats carrying various antimicrobial agents, carbon nanotubes, N-halamines, vitamin A, and vitamin E have been reported. [27][28][29][30][31][32] However, the in vitro efficacy of antifungal drugs incorporated into electrospun fibers against yeasts/filamentous fungi has not yet been demonstrated. 33 In terms of mechanism of action, the available antifungals can be grouped into three categories: 1) polyene, azole, and allylamine antifungals that target ergosterol or ergosterol biosynthetic pathways; 2) echinocandins, which are β-glucan synthase inhibitors; and 3) fluoropyrimidines, which target RNA synthesis.…”

Nucleic acid scavenging microfiber mesh inhibits trauma-induced inflammation and thrombosis

“…PSMA (0.3 g) (Sigma, Saint Louis, MO) and polystyrene (0.4 g) (Sigma) were dissolved by constant stirring for 24 h at room temperature in a 1:1:1 (v:v:v) mixture of tetrahydrofuran:acetone:dimethylformamide (3 mL) (Sigma). Microfibers were generated by electrospinning 2 mL of copolymer solution using a 2cc glass syringe (Cadence Science, Staunton, VA) at a dispensing rate of 2 ml/h with an applied voltage of ~17.3 kV, as described previously [25, 27]. To generate microfiber meshes, the microfibers were collected on a grounded cylindrical mandrel (~6.4 cm wide with a ~21.6 cm circumstance) spinning at ~130 RPM at a distance of 17.3 cm away from the tip of the syringe needle.…”

Bioactive Applications for Electrospun Fibers

“…69 The grafting of styrene/maleic anhydride copolymers with poly(propylene glycol) monoamine (Jeffamine TM M-600) or 5-amino-8-hydroxyquinoline was explored as covalent post-processing of nanofibrous mats for antimicrobial activity. 70 Coaxial electrospinning can be used to prepare fibers from two separate solutions minimizing the interaction with the organic solvents used to dissolve polymers, but it can also be used to process difficult to spin polymers. Biodegradable PLA and chitosan core/ sheath (respectively) nanofibers were prepared to overcome the difficulty of electrospinning high molecular weight chitosan due to its high viscosity.…”