Electrospun nanofiber-based glucose sensors for glucose detection

Abstract

Diabetes is a chronic, systemic metabolic disease that leads to multiple complications, even death. Meanwhile, the number of people with diabetes worldwide is increasing year by year. Sensors play an important role in the development of biomedical devices. The development of efficient, stable, and inexpensive glucose sensors for the continuous monitoring of blood glucose levels has received widespread attention because they can provide reliable data for diabetes prevention and diagnosis. Electrospun nanofibers are new kinds of functional nanocomposites that show incredible capabilities for high-level biosensing. This article reviews glucose sensors based on electrospun nanofibers. The principles of the glucose sensor, the types of glucose measurement, and the glucose detection methods are briefly discussed. The principle of electrospinning and its applications and advantages in glucose sensors are then introduced. This article provides a comprehensive summary of the applications and advantages of polymers and nanomaterials in electrospun nanofiber-based glucose sensors. The relevant applications and comparisons of enzymatic and non-enzymatic nanofiber-based glucose sensors are discussed in detail. The main advantages and disadvantages of glucose sensors based on electrospun nanofibers are evaluated, and some solutions are proposed. Finally, potential commercial development and improved methods for glucose sensors based on electrospinning nanofibers are discussed.

Electrospun Zein/Polyoxyethylene Core-Sheath Ultrathin Fibers and Their Antibacterial Food Packaging Applications

“…It can be concluded that with the increase in the content of antibacterial active substances, the antibacterial activity of the fiber membrane packaging increased correspondingly, indicating that nanosilver and resveratrol had a synergistic effect on their antibacterial activity. Along this proof-of-concept demonstration and with the capability of electrospinning in creating complex nanostructures such as Janus particles, a tri-layer core-sheath and their combinations [ 95 , 96 , 97 ], many novel fiber membranes loaded with multiple active ingredients will be further developed for food packaging in the future, particularly from many bioactive molecules [ 98 , 99 ].…”

Processes of Electrospun Polyvinylidene Fluoride-Based Nanofibers, Their Piezoelectric Properties, and Several Fantastic Applications

“…The basic principle of electrostatic spinning is the viscosity of the polymer solution through Coulomb force stretching, where spinning polymer droplets (due to Coulomb and gravity forces greater than the surface tension) gradually change from hemispherical to conical, and from a cone pointed outward to a liquid, and the solvents evaporate quickly, creating fine fibers in the receiving plate, as shown in Figure 2 , eventually forming nanometer fiber membranes [ 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 ]. NFs have excellent properties such as small diameter, large porosity, large specific surface area, and good mechanical energy along the fiber axis; the fiber morphology can be controlled by adjusting the parameter settings [ 76 , 77 ]. The influencing factors can be divided into three categories, including electrospinning parameters (voltage, needle diameter, feed rate, distance from needle to collector), solution properties (polymer molecular weight, concentration, solvent, viscosity, conductivity, surface tension), and environment parameters (temperature and relative humidity).…”

Electrospun Porous Nanofibers: Pore−Forming Mechanisms and Applications for Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Pollutants in Wastewater

“…This method can minimize the loss of mechanical properties while ensuring the existence of the porous structure. Similarly, many multiple−chamber nanofibers, which are produced using multiple−fluid electrospinning and have been reviewed in some articles [ 168 , 169 , 170 , 171 , 172 ], can be similarly explored for achieving a general fine mechanical performance with the support from one of the chambers.…”