Electrospun nanofiber substrates that enhance polar solvent separation from organic compounds in thin-film composites

Abstract

A solvent-resistant thin-film composite nanofibrous membrane: high permeance, high rejection in virtue of high porosity and low tortuosity.

Under-liquid dual superlyophobic nanofibrous polymer membranes achieved by coating thin-film composites: a design principle

“…The other peaks in this region (1460 cm –1 and 2920 cm –1 ) correspond to the C–H band of alkane groups 40. These data illustrate the formation of cyclic nitrogen-containing structures, which further confirm the successful modification of 4-cyan-Ph-terminated thin-film composites on PNM 41. Note that, we cannot distinguish the characteristic peaks of the terminal groups of other TFPNMs from the FT-IR spectra because these signals are too weak.…”

“…The new absorption peak appeared at 1580 cm –1 is assigned to the benzene ring 43. The broad adsorption peaks located in the region of 1080–1640 cm –1 correspond to the stretching vibrations of CN (1634 cm –1 ) and N–N (1100 cm –1 ), mixed C–N stretching and N–H bending vibrations (1200–1350 cm –1 ) 40,41. The other peaks in this region (1460 cm –1 and 2920 cm –1 ) correspond to the C–H band of alkane groups 40.…”

“…Furthermore, the abundant cyano-groups can facilitate the surface modification of PAN membranes via a simple coating process, affording them unique properties 40. For example, in the applications of nanofiltration and reverse osmosis, the PAN membranes are often modified by the thin-film composites to increase their stability in the aprotic solvents like dimethylformamide (DMF) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) 41. More importantly, the surface chemical compositions of the coated thin-film composites can be easily adjusted by changing the coating agents with different terminal groups 42…”

Synthesis, Characterization, and Evaluation of Evaporated Casting MWCNT/Chitosan Composite Membranes for Water Desalination

“…It is vital to improve the capable approaches for water treatment. Efforts have been made over the past few decades to improve water desalination systems for providing fresh water from the saline water using several desalination techniques such as distillation, freezing, electrodialysis, and solar-powered membrane separation [1][2][3][4][5]. While these processes have evolved, there are still some obstacles.…”

Molecularly tunable thin-film nanocomposite membranes with enhanced molecular sieving for organic solvent forward osmosis

“…However, traditional separation processes, such as distillation and evaporation, suffer from high energy consumption, large footprints, and environmental unfriendliness. Membrane-based separation to recycle waste organic solvents is emerging in recent decades by means of hydraulic or osmotic pressure as the driving force [2][3][4][5][6][7][8] . Among them, organic solvent nanofiltration (OSN) is widely studied but the high operating pressure and fouling tendency may increase the capital and operating costs 7 .…”