Electrospun Nanofibrous P(DLLA–CL) Balloons as Calcium Phosphate Cement Filled Containers for Bone Repair: in Vitro and in Vivo Studies

Abstract

The spinal surgeon community has expressed significant interest in applying calcium phosphate cement (CPC) for the treatment of vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) and minimizing its disadvantages, such as its water-induced collapsibility and poor mechanical properties, limiting its clinical use. In this work, novel biodegradable electrospun nanofibrous poly(d,l-lactic acid-ϵ-caprolactone) balloons (ENPBs) were prepared, and the separation, pressure, degradation, and new bone formation behaviors of the ENPBs when used as CPC-filled containers in vitro and in vivo were systematically analyzed and compared. CPC could be separated from surrounding bone tissues by ENPBs in vitro and in vivo. ENPB-CPCs (ENPBs serving as CPC-filled containers) exerted pressure on the surrounding bone microenvironment, which was enough to crush trabecular bone. Compared with the CPC implantation, ENPB-CPCs delayed the degradation of CPC (i.e., its water-induced collapsilibity). Finally, possible mechanisms behind the in vivo effects caused by ENPB-CPCs implanted into rabbit thighbones and pig vertebrae were proposed. This work suggests that ENPBs can be potentially applied as CPC-filled containers in vivo and provides an experimental basis for the clinical application of ENPBs for the treatment of VCFs. In addition, this work will be of benefit to the development of polymer-based medical implants in the future.

Fabrication of polydopamine nanoparticles knotted alginate scaffolds and their properties

“…When the pore sizes were small, the permeation rate of buffer solution into the scaffolds was slow, leading the low DRs. These results indicated that the catechol modification could effectively adjust the degradation of the scaffolds to be satisfied with the bone or cartilage regeneration …”

“…These results indicated that the catechol modification could effectively adjust the degradation of the scaffolds to be satisfied with the bone or cartilage regeneration. 44,45 In vitro mineralization of scaffolds Cartilage defects involve multiple tissues, including the articular cartilage layers, calcified cartilage and subchondral bone. Therefore, it is necessary to simultaneously induce the regeneration of cartilage and subchondral bone.…”

Preparation and properties of dopamine‐modified alginate/chitosan–hydroxyapatite scaffolds with gradient structure for bone tissue engineering

“…In this study, biodegradation behavior of the Alg-DA/QCHA gradient scaffolds was detected in a simulated body fluid (SBF) for five weeks, as shown in Figure 4. 22,29 In vitro biomineralization behavior of Alg-DA/QCHA gradient scaffolds Natural bone is an inorganic-organic complex composed of HA and macromolecular collagen fibers. The bottom layer with high QCHA composition displayed a quicker degradation, compared to the other layers with lower QCHA compositions.…”

“…[26][27][28][29] In comparison with the Alg scaffolds, HA/Alg composite scaffolds exhibited improved mechanical properties. Hydroxyapatite (HA) has recently drawn more interests, due to its chemical structure similarity to the natural bone tissue, outstanding biocompatibility, and excellent mechanical strength.…”

Crosslinking of fibers via azide–alkyne click chemistry: Synthesis and characterization

“…In recent years, new fibrous material such as carbon nanotube fibers and other kinds of functional electrospun nanofibers have been developed and have attracted a lot of attention because of their ultimate mechanical and electronic properties. However, the high costs and growing global concerns for environmental issues have caused researchers from various backgrounds to develop new products based on sustainable and ecofriendly materials .…”