Electrostatic Axially Harmonic Orbital Trapping:  A High-Performance Technique of Mass Analysis

Makarov, Alexander

doi:10.1021/ac991131p

Cited by 800 publications

(612 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Therefore, the beat period of these two ions could be 2 ϫ 200 ms and the beat frequency 2.5 Hz. For ions having mass/charge ratios around 517 Th, the maximum frequency resolution would be R f ϭ 485,000/ 2.5 ϭ 194,000, and thereby the maximum mass resolution R m°ϭ°Rf /2°ϭ°97,000° [5].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phase-enhanced selective ion ejection in an orbitrap mass spectrometer

Cooks

Noll

2007

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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The mass resolution achieved in selective ion isolation using resonance excitation is usually limited by the frequency resolution of the ac waveform and by unintended off-resonance excitation. A new method of phase-enhanced selective ion ejection based on broadband dipolar excitation and ion ejection applicable to the Orbitrap is described and shown to allow an isolation resolution of 28,400. The method is calculated to be able to provide a mass resolution for ion ejection of up to 100,000. (J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2007, 18, 980 -983)

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This axial frequency is independent of the angular and radial motion of the ions and is determined using image current detection and fast Fourier transforms. The frequency is related to the mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) by the relation ϭ (kz/m) 1/2 [5].…”

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confidence: 99%

Phase-enhanced selective ion ejection in an orbitrap mass spectrometer

Cooks

Noll

2007

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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“…The general goal of this configuration is to achieve even better mass measurement accuracy and resolving power than that obtained by employing a TOF analyzer for the second stage of mass analysis in the MS/MS experiment. Thus, the second trap is not a quadrupole ion trap but either a Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometer or an orbitrap mass analyzer [80]. The trade-off of replacing the TOF with either of these analyzers is the significantly longer measurement times required to obtain the product ion spectrum.…”

Section: Trap-beam Hybrid Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid mass spectrometers for tandem mass spectrometry

Glish

Burinsky

2008

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

106

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Mass spectrometers that use different types of analyzers for the first and second stages of mass analysis in tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) experiments are often referred to as "hybrid" mass spectrometers. The general goal in the design of a hybrid instrument is to combine different performance characteristics offered by various types of analyzers into one mass spectrometer. These performance characteristics may include mass resolving power, the ion kinetic energy for collision-induced dissociation, and speed of analysis. This paper provides a review of the development of hybrid instruments over the last 30 years for analytical applications. (J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2008, 19, 161-172) © 2008 American Society for Mass Spectrometry T andem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), in a very generic description, is a process in which an ion formed in an ion source is mass-selected in the first stage of analysis, reacted, and then the charged products from the reaction are analyzed in the second stage of analysis. The type and quality of data that is obtained can vary greatly depending upon the type of analyzer used in the first and second stages of analysis, and the type of reaction performed between the stages of analysis. The reactions that can be done also can depend upon the type of analyzer. Over the years there have been a variety of means developed to measure the mass-to-charge ratio of gas-phase ions. The most common methods involve: dispersion based on ion momentum or kinetic energy (magnetic and electric sector instruments); separation in time based on ion velocity (time-of-flight); transmission through an electrodynamic field (quadrupole mass filter); and periodic motion in a magnetic or electrodynamic field (ion traps). There are differences in the experimental parameters associated with these various analysis methods that are pertinent to the MS/MS experiment. Some parameters are obvious, typically related to the performance of the mass analyzer while others are more subtle, related to the reactions/chemistry occurring between the stages of analysis. Many times these different parameters are used to categorize MS/MS experiments.One parameter is the ion kinetic energy. Sector and time-of-flight (TOF) instruments typically operate at "high" ion kinetic energies (5-20 keV), whereas "low" ion kinetic energies (Ͻ50 eV) are typical in quadrupole mass filters and ion traps. The ion kinetic energy is an important parameter in MS/MS experiments because the most common reaction involves colliding the ion of interest with a target gas atom or molecule. When performing ion-neutral collision experiments, the possible reactions that can be accessed (e.g., collisioninduced dissociation, collisional cooling, charge permutation, ion/molecule reaction) depends upon the ion kinetic energy. The appearance of the MS/MS spectrum can change drastically as a function of the collision (ion kinetic) energy. A related factor that is equally important, but often not considered, is the time frame of the experiment, that is, the elapsed time bet...

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“…There are many different types of tandem mass analyzers, but they all mix together some of the following types of mass spectrometers: linear traps [6], Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometers (FTICR) [7], orbitraps [8], triple quadrupoles [9], and time-of-flight (TOF). Recently, two forms of tandem TOF mass spectrometers have emerged independently.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and performance of a matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometer

2006

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A matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometer has been built with the capabilities to perform structural analyzes. The first time-of-flight mass spectrometer includes a timing ion gate to select the ions to be analyzed. After the selection process, the ions are activated using an electrically floating collision cell. The fragments produced in the collision cell are analyzed in the second time-of-flight stage. A two-step mass calibration procedure is introduced that allows one to obtain accurate mass values. The characteristics of this calibration procedure make possible to automate it. The experimental results of the tandem mass spectrometer and calibration procedure using different standard peptides are presented.

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Electrostatic Axially Harmonic Orbital Trapping: A High-Performance Technique of Mass Analysis

Cited by 800 publications

References 19 publications

Phase-enhanced selective ion ejection in an orbitrap mass spectrometer

Phase-enhanced selective ion ejection in an orbitrap mass spectrometer

Hybrid mass spectrometers for tandem mass spectrometry

Design and performance of a matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometer

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