Electroweak monopoles with a non-linearly realized weak hypercharge

We investigate the effects of the Born–Infeld action on the Abelian sector of the electroweak model. The consequence of this approach is the emergence of anomalous couplings in the neutral sector of the Z-gauge boson and photon. These new couplings consist of quartic interactions of the photon with the Z-particle, as for example, three-photon-and-one-Z vertex. With that, we obtain the decay width of $$Z \rightarrow 3\,\gamma $$ Z → 3 γ from which we impose a bound on the Born–Infeld parameter. Other bounds are also obtained from the photon quartic couplings. Subsequently, we consider the presence of an external uniform magnetic field in connection with this Born–Infeld weak hypercharge model. The magnetic background field yields new kinematic effects, like the kinetic mixing between the photon and the Z-boson, and we obtain thereby the corresponding dispersion relations for the mixed photon-Z-particle system. Finally, we calculate the lowest-order modifications to the interaction energy for the anomalous coupling $$3\gamma -Z$$ 3 γ - Z , within the framework of the gauge-invariant but path-dependent variables formalism. Our results show that the interaction energy contains a linear term leading to the confinement of static probe charges. With the help of the potential that comes out, interparticle forces are estimated.

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Hidden BPS states of electroweak monopoles and a new bound estimate

Gunawan,

Ramadhan,

Prasetyo

2024

Eur. Phys. J. C

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Using the BPS Lagrangian method, we obtain a distinct set of Bogomolny equations for the Cho–Maison monopoles from the bosonic sector of a regularized electroweak theory. In the limit of $$n\rightarrow \infty $$ n → ∞ of the permittivity regulator, $$\epsilon \left( \rho ^n\right) $$ ϵ ρ n , the mass of the monopole can be estimated as $$M_W\sim 3.56$$ M W ∼ 3.56 TeV. This value is within the latest theoretical window, 2.98–3.75 TeV. We also discuss some possible regularization mechanisms of the electroweak monopole in the Yang–Mills sector and the existence of its BPS state.

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Electroweak monopoles with a non-linearly realized weak hypercharge

Cited by 3 publications

References 51 publications

Phenomenology of a Born-Infeld extension of the U(1)Y sector at lepton colliders

Phenomenology of a Born-Infeld extension of the U(1)Y sector at lepton colliders

Considerations on anomalous photon and Z-boson self-couplings from the Born–Infeld weak hypercharge action

Hidden BPS states of electroweak monopoles and a new bound estimate

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