The phonon dispersions of the bcc and fcc phases of pure iron (α-Fe, γ -Fe, and δ-Fe) at ambient pressure were investigated close to the respective phase transition temperatures. In the open bcc structure the transverse phonons along T 1 [ξξ0] and T 1 [ξξ2ξ ] are of particularly low energy. The eigenvectors of these phonons correspond to displacements needed for the transformation to the fcc γ phase. Especially these phonons, but also all other phonons, soften considerably with increasing temperature. Comparing thermodynamic properties of the fcc and the two bcc phases it is shown that the high-temperature bcc phase is stabilized predominantly by vibrational entropy, whereas for the stabilization of the fcc phase electronic entropy provides an equal contribution.