Elemental composition (CHN), growth and exuvial loss in the larval stages of two semiterrestrial crabs, Sesarma curacaoense and Armases miersii (Decapoda: Grapsidae)

Anger, Klaus; Schultze, Kirstin

doi:10.1016/0300-9629(95)00052-9

Cited by 27 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This aspect is particularly interesting in the model species of the present study, S. curacaoense, because it is generally considered as the closest extant relative of a clade of limnic and terrestrial species of sesarmid crabs that have radiated in various non-marine habitats on the island of Jamaica (Schubart et al, 1998;Anger and Schubart, 2005). Besides variability in the dependence of metamorphosis on specific habitat characteristics, the larvae of S. curacaoense are highly flexible and variable among hatches also in relation to nutritional and physical conditions (Anger, 1995;Schuh and Diesel, 1995;Anger and Charmantier, 2000). Since intraspecific variation in developmental characters is considered as "the origin of evolutionary novelties" (Arthur, 2000), similar traits may have been a crucial predisposition for evolutionary adaptiveness in the ancestral species that gave rise to the radiation of endemic Jamaican sesarmids.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Observations of larval salinity tolerance (Anger and Schultze, 1995, Schuh, 1995, Anger and Charmantier, 2000 suggest that S. curacaoense follows a strategy of larval retention, or maybe a limited export of its zoeal stages to brackish estuarine mangrove waters, but probably no larval transport to coastal marine waters. This implies that the larvae should pass through their complete development from hatching to metamorphosis in the adult habitat or near to it.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adult S. curacaoense were collected from brackish coastal mangrove swamps in northern Jamaica (Anger, 1995) and transported alive to the Helgoland Marine Biological Station, Germany. Here they were maintained under constant laboratory conditions of 24°C and a salinity of 25‰ (obtained by diluting filtered natural seawater from the North Sea with deionized tap water; this culture medium is from hereon referred to as "seawater").…”

Section: Origin Of Materials Larval Rearingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temporal window of receptivity and intraspecific variability in the responsiveness to metamorphosis-stimulating cues in the megalopa of a semi-terrestrial crab,Sesarma curacaoense

Gebauer

Paschke

Anger

2005

Invertebrate Reproduction & Development

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SummaryThe larvae of numerous sessile and several motile marine invertebrate species respond to metamorphosis-stimulating cues, usually chemical signals from their benthic habitat. In three series of experiments (I-III), the megalopa larvae of a semi-terrestrial mangrove crab, Sesarma curacaoense de Man, were exposed for differential periods to adult-conditioned water (ACW), which had previously been found an effective cue. In the first experimental series (Exp. I), ACW was added on successively later days of the moulting cycle, while Exp. II comprised treatments in which the cues were provided from the first day (postmoult) and removed on sucessively later days. In Exp. III, the megalopae were exposed to ACW for 3 days at the beginning, in the middle, or near the end of the moulting cycle (days 1-3, 4-6, and 7-9, respectively). All experimental series also comprised a permanently exposed control group (C+) and another one kept in complete absence of the cue (C!), and all experiments were repeated with larvae originating from three different females (F1-F3 in Exps. I and II; F4-F6 in Exp. III). Both the timing and duration of exposure to ACW had a significant influence on the duration of development to metamorphosis, indicating an interaction between the extrinsic signal and the intrinsic (hormonal) control of the moulting cycle. While continuously exposed control megalopae (C+) required on average 7.6 ± 0.5 to 7.7 ± 0.5 d, those in group C! delayed their development by about 3-4 d (or on average by 48%), 7-9 d (119%), and 5-6 d (61%), respectively (F1-F3), indicating a great deal of intraspecific variability among hatches. In Exp. I, the cue had to have been added within about the first 6-7 d to become effective (no significant difference in development time between treatments and control C+), while a later addition of ACW had no more stimulating effect (no difference to C!). In Exp. II, metamorphosis was delayed in all treatments when the cue was removed after an initial exposure of less than 4-5 d, while later removal did not significantly reduce the stimulating effect of ACW. Together, the results from these two experimental series suggest that an exposure approximately during days 4-6 of the moulting cycle may be crucial as a temporal window of receptivity for the cue; this period coincides with the transition between intermoult and premoult (stages C-D 0 of Drach's classification system). Its presumable importance as a critical point was confirmed in Exp. III where development time was consistently shortest in megalopae exposed only during days 4-6 of the moulting cycle (no significant difference to control C+), while an earlier or later exposure prolonged development to metamorphosis. Intraspecific variability in the responsiveness to P. Gebauer et al. / IRD 47 (2005) 39-50 ACW was tested by comparing development time in control groups (C+, C!) among megalopae from 14 different hatches (including F1-F6). These data showed a significant variability both in the delay due to complete absence of the cue and ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Origin Of Materials Larval Rearingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temporal window of receptivity and intraspecific variability in the responsiveness to metamorphosis-stimulating cues in the megalopa of a semi-terrestrial crab,Sesarma curacaoense

Gebauer

Paschke

Anger

2005

Invertebrate Reproduction & Development

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“…The patterns of larval growth as well as exuvial biomass losses in successive larval stages are compared with those previously reported for the congener S. curacaoense DeMan (Anger and Schultze, 1995). Although these species are phylogenetically close to each other (Schubart et al, 2000), they differ in various ecological and life-history traits which are briefly summarised below.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Living in brackish coastal mangrove habitats of the Caribbean region and northeastern South America, this semi-terrestrial crab is ecologically similar to S. rectum (Hartnoll, 1965, Abele, 1973, Wilson, 1989. However, S. curacaoense has a further abbreviated larval development with only two zoeal stages , and these show an enhanced initial biomass (Anger and Schultze, 1995) and facultative lecithotrophy, while the subsequent megalopa stage is planktotrophic (Anger, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomass and elemental composition of eggs and larvae of a mangrove crab, <i>Sesarma rectum</i> Randall (Decapoda: Sesarmidae) and comparison to a related species with abbreviated larval development

Anger¹,

Moreira²

2004

Sci. Mar.

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SUMMARY:We measured biomass and elemental composition (dry mass, W; carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, CHN) in eggs and larvae of a mangrove crab, Sesarma rectum. The results are compared with previously published data from a closely related species with abbreviated development (S. curacaoense). Egg size of S. rectum increased during embryogenesis, while egg biomass, C content (%W), and the C:N ratio decreased. Initial biomass of eggs and larvae in S. rectum was about half of that in S. curacaoense, also showing lower percentage values of C and H and a lower C:N ratio (indicating a lower lipid content). After hatching, however, the zoeae of S. rectum showed higher growth rates than those of S. curacaoense (presumably due to partial utilisation of internal energy reserves in the latter) and a longer period of development to the megalopa (passing though three vs. only two zoeal stages); as a consequence of these differential growth patterns, S. rectum compensated for the initially lower biomass. Interspecific comparison among neotropical Sesarmidae suggests an intermediate degree of dependence on planktonic food sources in S. rectum, which is lower than in estuarine species with small eggs and an extended mode of development (e.g. Armases angustipes), but higher than in relatives with larger egg biomass and an abbreviated development (e.g. A. miersii, S. curacaoense, S. fossarum, Metopaulias depressus). This should allow S. rectum larvae to develop partially within the parental mangrove system, but requiring a limited export towards coastal marine waters with planktonic food sources.Key words: decapod crustacean, larvae, abbreviated development, growth, carbon, nitrogen. RESUMEN: BIOMASA Y COMPOSICIÓN ELEMENTAL DE LOS HUEVOS Y LAS LARVAS DE UN CANGREJO DE MANGLAR, SESARMA REC-TUM RANDALL (DECAPODA: SESARMIDAE) Y COMPARACIÓN CON UNA ESPECIE PRÓXIMAMENTE RELACIONADA CON DESARROLLO LARVARIO ABREVIADO. -En un cangrejo de manglar, Sesarma rectum, medimos la biomasa y composición elemental (masa seca, W; carbono, hidrógeno, nitrógeno, CHN) de los huevos y las larvas y comparamos los resultados con datos de una especie próximamente relacionada con desarrollo abreviado (S. curacaoense). El tamaño de huevo de S. rectum aumentó durante la embriogénesis, mientras la biomasa, el contenido de C (en % de W) y la relación C:N disminuyeron. La biomasa inicial de los huevos y las larvas fue la mitad que en S. curacaoense, mostrando también bajos porcentajes de C y H y una relación de C:N baja (indicando contenidos más bajos de lípidos). S. rectum mostró tasas más altas de crecimiento larval que S. curacaoense (probablemente debido a una utilización parcial de reservas internas en la segunda), compensando así las diferencias en biomasa inicial. La comparación interespecífica entre Sesarmidae neotropicales sugiere en S. rectum un grado intermedio de dependencia de fuentes planctónicas de alimento, siendo más baja que en especies estuariales con huevos pequeños y un modo extendido de desarrollo (por ejemplo Armases angustipes), pero más alt...

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Effects of salinity on larval and early juvenile growth of an extremely euryhaline crab species, Armases miersii (Decapoda: Grapsidae)

Anger

Riesebeck

Püschel

2000

Life at Interfaces and Under Extreme Conditions

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The neotropical crab Armases miersii (Rathbun, 1897) breeds in supratidal rock pools, where great salinity variations occur. In laboratory experiments, all larval stages and the first juveniles were reared at six different salinities (5-55 PSU, intervals of 10 PSU). In five series of experiments, exposure to these conditions began either from hatching (Zoea I) or from the onset of successively later stages (Zoea II, III, Megalopa, Crab I). Growth was measured in terms of dry weight, carbon, nitrogen and hydrogen content. At osmotically extreme conditions (5 and 55 PSU, resp.), all stages showed minimum biomass accumulation; this was consistent with maximum mortality and longest duration of development (data presented in a separate paper). Successively later exposure to these salinities tended to reduce these effects. Lowest mortality and shortest time of development occurred generally at 15-25 PSU, indicating an optimum at moderately reduced salinities. This response pattern, however, was not congruent with that observed in growth. Biomass accumulation was initially maximum within a wide range of salinities (15-45 PSU), but in the Zoea II and III stages, this range tended to narrow and to shift towards higher salinities (35-45 PSU). These trends reversed in the Megalopa and Crab I, where maximum growth occurred again in a wider range and at lower salinities (15-35 PSU). The reduction of zoeal growth in moderately dilute media (15-25 PSU), which were optimal for survival and development, is interpreted as an energetic cost of hyperosmoregulation, which begins already at hatching. Five PSU caused hypo-osmotic stress, exceeding in the long term the larval capacity for hyper-regulation. Poor zoeal survival and growth at 55 PSU are interpreted as effects of hyper-osmotic stress. In the Megalopa and Crab I, reduced growth at salinities ≥35 PSU may reflect the energetic costs of hypo-osmoreguation beginning in these stages. Our data suggest that the physiological adaptations of larval and early juvenile A. miersii allowing for survival and development in a physically harsh and unpredictable habitat imply a trade-off with reduced growth, due to energetic costs of osmoregulation.

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Elemental composition (CHN), growth and exuvial loss in the larval stages of two semiterrestrial crabs, Sesarma curacaoense and Armases miersii (Decapoda: Grapsidae)

Cited by 27 publications

References 13 publications

Temporal window of receptivity and intraspecific variability in the responsiveness to metamorphosis-stimulating cues in the megalopa of a semi-terrestrial crab,Sesarma curacaoense

Temporal window of receptivity and intraspecific variability in the responsiveness to metamorphosis-stimulating cues in the megalopa of a semi-terrestrial crab,Sesarma curacaoense

Biomass and elemental composition of eggs and larvae of a mangrove crab, <i>Sesarma rectum</i> Randall (Decapoda: Sesarmidae) and comparison to a related species with abbreviated larval development

Effects of salinity on larval and early juvenile growth of an extremely euryhaline crab species, Armases miersii (Decapoda: Grapsidae)

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