Elementary Error Model Applied to Terrestrial Laser Scanning Measurements: Study Case Arch Dam Kops

Kerekes, Gabriel; Schwieger, Volker

doi:10.3390/math8040593

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…An error model for TLS measurement was proposed [ 89 ], where the error was estimated based on the distance to the object and the incident angle. A stochastic model for TLS observations was proposed in reference [ 90 ]. The current error model was extended by classifying atmospheric parameters as randomly correlated basic errors.…”

Section: Key Issues In the Application Of Tls Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on the Research and Applications of TLS in Ground Surface and Constructions Deformation Monitoring

Teng

Shi

Wang

et al. 2022

Sensors

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With the gradual maturity of the terrestrial laser scanners (TLS) technology, it is widely used in the field of deformation monitoring due to its fast, automated, and non-contact data acquisition capabilities. The TLS technology has changed the traditional deformation monitoring mode which relies on single-point monitoring. This paper analyzes the application of TLS in deformation monitoring, especially in the field of ground surface, dam, tunnel, and tall constructions. We divide the methods for obtaining ground surface deformation into two categories: the method based on point cloud distance and the method based on displacement field. The advantages and disadvantages of the four methods (M2M, C2C, C2M, M3C2) based on point cloud distance are analyzed and summarized. The deformation monitoring methods and precisions based on TLS for dams, tunnels, and tall constructions are summarized, as well as the various focuses of different monitoring objects. Additionally, their limitations and development directions in the corresponding fields are analyzed. The error sources of TLS point cloud data and error correction models are discussed. Finally, the limitations and future research directions of TLS in the field of deformation monitoring are presented in detail.

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Section: Key Issues In the Application Of Tls Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on the Research and Applications of TLS in Ground Surface and Constructions Deformation Monitoring

Teng

Shi

Wang

et al. 2022

Sensors

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“…An explanation of the parameters and their role in the functional mode is given in Kerekes and Schwieger (2020).…”

Section: B Stochastic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-epoch TLS deformation analysis of a double curved wooden structure using approximating B-spline surfaces and fully-populated synthetic covariance matrices

Kerekes

Raschhofer

Harmening

et al. 2022

Proceedings of the 5th Joint International Symposium on Deformation Monitoring - JISDM 2022

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This contribution presents a B-spline-based approach of area-wise deformation analysis applied on elements of a double curved wooden tower. The monitored object is the Urbach Tower with a height of 14 m. Terrestrial laser scans from two epochs acquired under real-world conditions are used for approximating two jointly parametrized B-spline surfaces of the tower’s outer shell. The stochastic model of the observations used within the surface approximation is based on elementary error theory and is defined by a synthetic variance-covariance matrix (SVCM). In addition to previous work on this topic, the object’s dimension is extended from a few dm to a few m and the measurement distance ranges from 20 to 60 m. Moreover, environment specific error sources are addressed in the SVCM, revealing the effect of the object’s dimension as well as of additional elementary errors on the estimated B-spline surfaces and the subsequent deformation analysis. Based on constructed points pairs using a grid of surface parameters, rigid body movements of the object under investigation are estimated while at the same time distorted regions of the wooden tower are detected. All results of the deformation analysis are statistically verified using hypothesis tests based on the elementary error model propagated through the processing algorithms of surface estimation and deformation analysis. The results demonstrate that during the modelling and deformation analysis, the measurement noise is reduced and therefore distorted regions are detectable in a statistically correct way.

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“…Wang et al [ 263 ] introduced a combined model by integrating external models related to atmospheric refraction, beam wander and incidence angle into a seven-parameter similarity transformation model to detect external errors and register multiple scans. Kerekes et al [ 264 ] presented a stochastic model for TLS observations. By classifying the atmospheric parameters as stochastic correlating elementary errors, the currently elementary error model is expanded.…”

Section: Critical Issues In Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) in the Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) Industry

Yuan

Yang

et al. 2021

Sensors

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As a revolutionary technology, terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) is attracting increasing interest in the fields of architecture, engineering and construction (AEC), with outstanding advantages, such as highly automated, non-contact operation and efficient large-scale sampling capability. TLS has extended a new approach to capturing extremely comprehensive data of the construction environment, providing detailed information for further analysis. This paper presents a systematic review based on scientometric and qualitative analysis to summarize the progress and the current status of the topic and to point out promising research efforts. To begin with, a brief understanding of TLS is provided. Following the selection of relevant papers through a literature search, a scientometric analysis of papers is carried out. Then, major applications are categorized and presented, including (1) 3D model reconstruction, (2) object recognition, (3) deformation measurement, (4) quality assessment, and (5) progress tracking. For widespread adoption and effective use of TLS, essential problems impacting working effects in application are summarized as follows: workflow, data quality, scan planning, and data processing. Finally, future research directions are suggested, including: (1) cost control of hardware and software, (2) improvement of data processing capability, (3) automatic scan planning, (4) integration of digital technologies, (5) adoption of artificial intelligence.

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Elementary Error Model Applied to Terrestrial Laser Scanning Measurements: Study Case Arch Dam Kops

Cited by 13 publications

References 25 publications

Review on the Research and Applications of TLS in Ground Surface and Constructions Deformation Monitoring

Review on the Research and Applications of TLS in Ground Surface and Constructions Deformation Monitoring

Two-epoch TLS deformation analysis of a double curved wooden structure using approximating B-spline surfaces and fully-populated synthetic covariance matrices

Application of Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) in the Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) Industry

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