Elementary school children's views on solving selected environmental problems

The effects of combined advance organizers and field experience on environmental orientations of elementary school children

“…However, caution needs to be applied since maturation and history effects were not controlled in this study. Horvat and Voelker (1976) did demonstrate that eighth-grade students scored significantly higher on this measure than did fifth-grade students, suggesting that maturation might increase responsibility on this variable. The posttest grade 6 group did score higher than even the Horvat and Voelker eighth-grade group.…”

“…comparisons were made with data collected byVoelker and Horvat (1976) from students in grades 5 and 8 in Wisconsin for the variable Wilderness" story. The chi-square statistic indicates a highly significant relationship between group and the perception of how wilderness should be utilized.The ANOVA results for the Student Perceptions of Woodlands scale indicated various…”

Finnish primary school children's preferences in environmental problem solving

“…Technology might resolve environmental problems, and this was seen by the trust many primary school children place in it, especially when there is a case of pollution caused by a paper mill, something particularly familiar to Finns. In comparable cases American pupils, too, consider technology to be a good solution to environmental problems (Voelker and Horvat 1976).…”

“…In the sub-studies and theses linked to the project it is explained in various ways how pupils conceive environmental questions and how their skills in solving complex environmental problems and making decisions could be developed (e.g., Aho 1984b, Lyyra andPermikangas 1986). Horvat andVoelker's (Horvat 1974, Voelker andHorvat 1976) studies concerning primary school children's orientations on solving some environmental problems have provided stimuli for these sub-studies. The goals are to didactically develop environmental education, for which it is first necessary to obtain information about the pupils' orientations towards their environment.…”