Elements Near and Alien: Passportization, Policing, and Identity in the Stalinist State, 1932–1952

Shearer, David R.

doi:10.1086/427570

Cited by 45 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Artman, 2013;Green, 2010), and therefore, it is important to note that the use of the term in this paper departs from these interpretations, therefore, bringing the meaning of pasportizatsiya closer to the term used by Soviet specialists (e.g. Garcelon, 2001;Matthews, 1993;Shearer, 2004). We may then consider pasportizatsiya and its direct English translation 'passportization', to mean in its most rudimental sense, as the system of passport distribution to a population.…”

Section: Contextualizing Pasportizatsiyamentioning

confidence: 89%

“…These cases have unique contextual specificities; however, the intent of contemporary pasportizatsiya strategies appear to be coherent with that of the Soviet practice, where the very act of distributing and receiving these documents strongly impacted political ordering, identity, and linkages to territory (Shearer, 2004). The parallels between Soviet pasportizatsiya and contemporary Russian pasportizatsiya strategies in Crimea are striking.…”

Section: Contextualizing Pasportizatsiyamentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Consequently, the passport was utilized by Soviet regimes as a tool of governance and specifically as a method of control (Garcelon, 2001;Matthews, 1993). Shearer (2004), who refers to the Soviet Union's internal passport system as passportization, argues that 'the passport system became the key tool in an administrative technology of surveillance and control that linked identity to employment, residence, and access to goods ' (p. 838). The Soviet internal passport, therefore, became a tool through which to exert spatial control and stratification of a population (Garcelon, 2001;Matthews, 1993;Shearer, 2004).…”

Section: Contextualizing Pasportizatsiyamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Authoritarian regime stabilization through legitimation, popular co-optation, and exclusion: Russianpasportizatsiyastrategies in Crimea

Wrighton

2017

Globalizations

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In the spring of 2014, Russian authorities distributed, rapidly and on mass, Russian passports to their newly and controversially acquired citizens within Crimea. This passport distribution strategy, or pasportizatsiya, can be seen as a continuation of the Soviet practice which was conducted to spatially control a population. In focusing on the most contemporary instance of this practice, this paper asks: how and why did pasportizatsiya take place in Crimea? The research involved a processed-focused empirical data collection, consisting of interviews conducted with Crimeans and NGO representatives. The article finds that distribution of Russian passports to Ukrainian citizens in Crimea provided the Russian Federation with a regime stabilization mechanism, through the population within their new and controversially acquired territorial borders.

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Section: Contextualizing Pasportizatsiyamentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Contextualizing Pasportizatsiyamentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Contextualizing Pasportizatsiyamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Authoritarian regime stabilization through legitimation, popular co-optation, and exclusion: Russianpasportizatsiyastrategies in Crimea

Wrighton

2017

Globalizations

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“…7;Steinwedel 2001, pp. 78-82;Cadoit 2004;Shearer 2004). The state increased its reliance on ethnic forms of identification to control elections to the Duma and to police social radicalism, entwining ethnicity and surveillance in a kind of ethnic essentialism (Steinwedel 2001, p. 79;Shearer 2004, esp.…”

Section: Imperial Rule and Ethnic Exclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Ethnic Roots of Class Universalism: Rethinking the “Russian” Revolutionary Elite

Riga

2008

American Journal of Sociology

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JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. The Ethnic Roots of Class Universalism: Rethinking the "Russian" Revolutionary Elite 1 Liliana Riga University of EdinburghThis article retrieves the ethnic roots that underlie a universalist class ideology. Focusing empirically on the emergence of Bolshevism, it provides biographical analysis of the Russian Revolution's elite, finding that two-thirds were ethnic minorities from across the Russian Empire. After exploring class and ethnicity as intersectional experiences of varying significance to the Bolsheviks' revolutionary politics, this article suggests that socialism's class universalism found affinity with those seeking secularism in response to religious tensions, a universalist politics where ethnic violence and sectarianism were exclusionary, and an ethnically neutral and tolerant "imperial" imaginary where Russification and geopolitics were particularly threatening or imperial cultural frameworks predominated. The claim is made that socialism's class universalism was as much a product of ethnic particularism as it was constituted by it.Most sociology on the Russian Revolution assumes that its leadership was from the Russian intelligentsia and its socialist ideology was a response to the class conflicts and exclusions generated by an autocratic, industrializing Russian state (Moore 1966;Skocpol 1979;McDaniel 1988 American Journal of Sociology 650 tionary elite. And, in a highly distinctive social composition, ethnicity was strongly aligned with class, suggesting that class and ethnicity were intersectional experiences of varying significance in the revolutionary radicalism of the Bolshevik elite. Bolshevism may, therefore, represent an interesting case in the construction of universalist class ideology from ethnic networks and experiences. Whether socialist or liberal, universalist ideologies are usually products not of "citizens of the world," but of very specific material and social conditions (Calhoun 2003). But if the social and political conditions that give rise to and sustain universalist ideas are kept analytically distinct from the ideological content of the universalist projects themselves, then a universalist ideology about classes and class conflict may not necessarily be a response to class conflict alone. Indeed, this article argues that Bolshevism's Russian-inflected class universalism was especially appealing in those social locations across the Russian Empire most affected by ethnic or imperial exclusions. It particularly appealed to those seeking secularism in response to religious tensions, a universalist politics where ethnic violence and sectarianism were exclusionary, and an ethnically neutral and tolerant "imperial" imaginary where geopolitics or R...

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“…This new line projected the ambitions of a great power, as well as the state's determination to defeat its numerous enemies, which, in Stalin's view, threatened socialism from all sides, within and without. 25 The growing fear of disloyalty eventually led to ethnic cleansing and ethnic terror against the nationalities with suspect crossborder ethnic ties, but nation-building policies remained in place for the majority of nonstigmatized nationalities. 26 In 1934, the creation of a Jewish Autonomous Region in the Far East, with its capital in Birobidzhan, marked the establishment of a territorial unit for Soviet Jews.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Attitudes towards Jews in Odessa: From Soviet rule through Romanian occupation, 1921-1944

Dumitru¹

2011

monderusse

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Elements Near and Alien: Passportization, Policing, and Identity in the Stalinist State, 1932–1952

Cited by 45 publications

References 3 publications

Authoritarian regime stabilization through legitimation, popular co-optation, and exclusion: Russianpasportizatsiyastrategies in Crimea

Authoritarian regime stabilization through legitimation, popular co-optation, and exclusion: Russianpasportizatsiyastrategies in Crimea

The Ethnic Roots of Class Universalism: Rethinking the “Russian” Revolutionary Elite

Attitudes towards Jews in Odessa: From Soviet rule through Romanian occupation, 1921-1944

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