Elevated percentage of HLA-DR+ and ICAM-1+ conjunctival epithelial cells in active Graves’ orbitopathy

Pawłowski, Przemysław; Myśliwiec, Janusz; Mrugacz, Małgorzata; Zak, Janusz; Bakunowicz-Łazarczyk, Alina; Ręjdak, Robert; Wysocka, Jolanta; Górska, Maria

doi:10.1007/s00417-014-2580-z

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…While patients with GD without active TO showed no increase in ICAM-1 expression, versus controls. These data indicate putative roles for both HLA-DR and ICAM as specific biomarkers of TO-associated ocular inflammation [62].…”

Section: Thyroid Orbitopathymentioning

confidence: 69%

“…Of interest was the finding that a trend occurred between the clinical inflammatory score and immunological IC grade, indicating these cytokines as potential biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets of TO-related dry eye. Although further research is needed to validate the findings of the latter two studies [15,62], the initial data are promising.…”

Section: Thyroid Orbitopathymentioning

confidence: 95%

“…As an example, Pawlowski et al [62] undertook an IC and flow cytometric-based study of the previously described conjunctival epithelial cell inflammatory markers, HLA-DR and ICAM-1, in 10 subjects with active TO, versus 15 subjects with GD (without active TO) and 10 healthy controls. PES membranes were applied to the superior and superior-temporal bulbar conjunctiva and underwent cell extraction for flow cytometric analysis.…”

Section: Thyroid Orbitopathymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biomarkers of Ocular Surface Disease Using Impression Cytology

Hagan

2017

Biomark. Med.

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Impression cytology (IC) is a technique which permits the retrieval of the outermost layer of ocular surface cells via the use of various types of filters. It is a minimally invasive method of evaluating human conjunctival epithelial cell morphology in the diagnosis of dry eye disease, a common and distressing disorder associated with ageing, contact lens wear, autoimmune disorders and refractive (LASIK) surgery. IC may also be utilized in the diagnosis of other ocular diseases, such as keratoconus and thyroid orbitopathy. More recently, IC has been utilized for the subsequent investigation of gene and protein expression of conjunctival cells in order to identify novel diagnostic biomarkers and to further our understanding of the mechanisms underlying ocular surface disease. This review will therefore examine the literature concerning the role of IC in identifying cellular markers of eye disease, systemic diseases with ocular involvement and potential novel therapeutic targets. Impression cytology (IC) is a minimally invasive method of evaluating human ocular surface cells and is considered as the 'gold standard' technique for assessing cell morphology. Introduced by Thatcher et al. [1] and Egbert et al. [2], IC is an easy-to-use technique of directly retrieving (mainly conjunctival) cells, using various filter types which are gently applied to exposed (interpalpebral) conjunctival surfaces. The filters used include cellulose acetate [3], polycarbonate (Biopore, Millipore UK Ltd, Watford, UK) [4], nitrocellulose [5] or polyethersulfone (PES) [6] which are gently applied to exposed (interpalpebral) conjunctival surfaces. Recently, a more standardized tool for IC sampling has been introduced (Figures 1 & 2). The Eyeprim is a new single-use PES filter sampling medical device for retrieval of conjunctival cells (Opia Technologies, France) and a recent study by Lopez-Miguel et al. [7] performed an analysis of this tool versus the traditional IC method (PES). On a cohort of 20 healthy individuals, they extracted and compared RNA from both devices and found no significant differences in the mean yield (p ≥ 0.45), the total RNA amount (μg), or the amount normalized to membrane area [7]. Although an earlier study of the Eyeprim [8], suggested that it recovered more cells than traditional IC, Lopez-Miguel et al. [7] did not observe differences in the RNA collected between this device and PES.Historically, IC has been used to analyze pathological changes to conjunctival cells for indicators of squamous metaplasia in ocular surface disease (OSD) [9]. More recently, however, researchers have used IC to examine specific markers of inflammation, for example, HLA-DR, ICAM-1 and CD8 [10][11][12], and to examine novel biomarkers of dry eye disease (DED). The latter is performed in an attempt to understand the mechanisms underpinning DED pathophysiology and is now feasible, due to vast improvements in the assay sensitivities for gene and protein examination [13]. As a result, IC membranes can be subsequently analyzed using techniq...

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Section: Thyroid Orbitopathymentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Thyroid Orbitopathymentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Thyroid Orbitopathymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biomarkers of Ocular Surface Disease Using Impression Cytology

Hagan

2017

Biomark. Med.

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“…Polymorphism of CTLA-4 gene may lead to autoimmune diseases [26][27][28]. Moreover, HLA-B8, an MHC class I cell surface receptor, may be associated with GO development, but its role remains to be elucidated [29,30]. In the orbital fat in smokers with GO elevated levels of IL-1β and IL-6 seem to be associated [31].…”

Section: The Molecular Mechanism Of Graves' Ophthalmopathymentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on pathogenesis and immunology of Graves’ ophthalmopathy

Krajewska-Węglewicz¹,

Radomska-Leśniewska²,

Izdebska³

et al. 2018

cejoi

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graves' ophthalmopathy (go) is an inflammatory autoimmune disorder of the orbital adipose tissue and extraocular muscles, and it is associated with graves' disease (gD). go is triggered by binding and activation of orbital fibroblasts by autoantibodies (tsi) direct against thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (tsHr) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (igF-1r), which is highly expressed within the orbit. Moreover, interaction of t cells with orbital fibroblasts that involve t-cell receptor (tcr), autoantigen, and major histocompatibility complex class ii (MHc ii) molecule, as well as cD40:cD154 signalling, activates p38, erK 1/2, and jnK pathways. these processes induce fibroblast activation, proliferation, and secretion of chemokines and inflammatory cytokines to maintain inflammation within the orbit. Furthermore, increased hyaluronic acid production and fibroblast differentiation into adipocytes and myofibroblasts leads to development of go. the elevated number of molecular factors such as PDgF, iL1-β, iL-4, iL-6, iL10, iL-8, iL-16, iL-33, HgF, icaM-1, osteopontin, ctLa-4, and tgF-β are discussed in the paper. some of them are key markers of disease stage. better understanding of go pathogenesis leads to development of new therapeutic options.

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“…5. La RT también está indicada tras la descompresión quirúrgica con resolución incompleta de la clínica 16 .…”

Section: Indicaciones De La Radioterapiaunclassified