Elevated Serum Hepcidin Levels during an Intensified Training Period in Well-Trained Female Long-Distance Runners

Ishibashi, Aya; Maeda, Naho; Sumi, Daichi; Goto, Kazushige

doi:10.3390/nu9030277

Cited by 31 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 41 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Our data show that resting serum hepcidin concentrations (12-15 h after the last training session) were elevated at the beginning of the high load training phase with a rapid return to baseline within only a few days, when rowers adapted to the high workloads (Figure 2A). Our findings are consistent with results from Ishibashi et al (2017) who observed elevated hepcidin expression levels during an intensified training period in long-distance, female runners. Ma et al (2013) compared resting serum hepcidin levels in highly trained female distance runners mid-season to a low exercise control group and showed that there was no difference between runners and controls for serum hepcidin levels midseason, suggesting that hepcidin was not chronically elevated with sustained high training loads.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The reason for selecting a group of male junior world elite rowers is based on their high absolute total hemoglobin mass (Treff et al, 2014) and the fact that they undergo a training regime that is associated with a heavy metabolic load, especially during training camps (Steinacker et al, 2000). We hypothesized, based on findings by Ishibashi et al (2017) in female runners, that serum hepcidin levels are elevated in periods consisting of high training loads, compared to lower load phases, possibly affecting the iron status of high performance athletes in an unfavorable manner.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Increased Hepcidin Levels During a Period of High Training Load Do Not Alter Iron Status in Male Elite Junior Rowers

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The liver-derived hormone hepcidin plays a key role in iron metabolism by mediating the degradation of the iron export protein ferroportin 1 (FPN1). Circulating levels of hepcidin and the iron storage protein ferritin are elevated during the recovery period after acute endurance exercise, which can be interpreted as an acute phase reaction to intense exercise with far-reaching consequences for iron metabolism and homeostasis. Since absolute and functional iron deficiency (ID) potentially lead to a loss of performance and well-being, it is surprising that the cumulative effects of training stress on hepcidin levels and its interplay with cellular iron availability are not well described. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine serum levels of hepcidin at six time points during a 4-week training camp of junior world elite rowers preparing for the world championships and to relate the alterations in training load to overall iron status determined by serum ferritin, transferrin, iron, and soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR). Serum hepcidin levels increased significantly (p = 0.02) during the initial increase in training load (23.24 ± 2.43 ng/ml) at day 7 compared to the start of training camp (11.47 ± 3.92 ng/ml) and turned back on day 13 (09.51 ± 3.59 ng/ml) already, meeting well the entrance level of hepcidin at day 0. Serum ferritin was significantly higher at day 7 compared to all other timepoints with exception of the subsequent time point at day 13 reflecting well the time course pattern of hepcidin. Non-significant changes between training phases were found for serum iron, transferrin, and sTfR levels as well as for transferrin saturation, and ferritin-index (sTfR/log ferritin). Our findings indicate that hepcidin as well as ferritin, both representing acute phase proteins, are sensitive to initial increases in training load. Erythropoiesis was unaffected by iron compartmentalization through hepcidin. We conclude that hepcidin is sensitive to rigorous changes in training load in junior world elite rowers without causing short-term alterations in functional iron homeostasis.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Hepcidin Levels During a Period of High Training Load Do Not Alter Iron Status in Male Elite Junior Rowers

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…An elevated hepcidin level was observed in response to different forms of physical activity such as long-distance running [25], NordicWalking [26,27], basketball [28] or rowing [29]. Thus, hepcidine activity is considered as a most important factor of iron homeostasis during exercise.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sweat iron concentration during 4-week exercise training

Saran¹,

Zawadka²,

Chmiel³

et al. 2018

Ann Agric Environ Med.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction. One possible way of iron loss is sweating. It is unclear how physical activity performed by untrained individuals affects the iron status in sweat. Objective. The purpose of this study was to analyse iron concentration in sweat during 4-week exercise training to determine the changes in iron excretion during follow-up exercises. Materials and method. 43 untrained volunteers participated in the study, 29 of whom completed the full exercise programme. The training programme consisted of exercises on a cycle ergometer and cross-trainer. In the first week, participants exercised for 8 minutes on each device, in the second for 10 minutes, and in the third and fourth weeks they exercised for 15 min on each device. Intensity was submaximal and defined as 85% of maximal heart rate. A sterile sweat patch was placed on the skin between shoulder blades. Results. Concentration of iron on the first and the fifteenth day of exercises was comparable and statistically insignificant. Iron concentration was highly increased on the last day of training in comparison with first (p<0.001) and fourteenth day (p<0.006). The median of iron concentration in 29 samples on the first day of sampling was 21.2 ppb, in the fifteenth -52.5 ppb, and on the twenty-eighth day -286.2 ppb. In relation with the sodium concentration, the iron content was also increased on the twenty-eighth day of the training programme (p<0.005). Conclusions. Iron sweat loss significantly increased during the 4-week exercise programme. A possible explanation may be improvement in the thermoregulation mechanism and secretory activity of sweat glands. Iron sweat loss may be an indicator of iron deficiency observed in active individuals.

show abstract

“…The intra‐assay coefficients of variation (CVs) for these assays were 1.7% for serum iron, 2.9% for Mb, 2.0% for CK, and 1.5% for hs‐CRP. Serum hepcidin and plasma IL‐6 levels were analyzed by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) using commercially available kits (R&D Systems) (Goto et al, 2018; Ishibashi et al., 2017). The intra‐assay CVs for the hepcidin and IL‐6 assays were 1.7% and 2.5%, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Iron deficiency is the most common nutrient disorder in the world and is estimated to affect ~50% of the global population (McClung et al., 2009). Iron deficiency or anemia are also frequently observed among endurance athletes (Ishibashi, Maeda, Sumi, & Goto, 2017; Ma, Patterson, Gieschen, & Bodary, 2013). Exercise‐induced iron deficiency is traditionally believed to be related to several factors, including sweating, hemolysis, hematuria, and gastrointestinal bleeding (Zoller & Vogel, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partial sleep deprivation after an acute exercise session does not augment hepcidin levels the following day

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The purpose of the present study was to determine the effects of partial sleep deprivation (PSD) after an exercise session in the evening on the endurance exercise‐induced hepcidin response the following morning. Ten recreationally trained males participated under two different conditions. Each condition consisted of 2 consecutive days of training (days 1 and 2). On day 1, participants ran for 60 min at 75% of maximal oxygen uptake ( trueV˙O2max) followed by 100 drop jumps. Sleep duration at night was manipulated, with a normal length of sleep (CON condition, 23:00–07:00 hr) or a shortened length of sleep (PSD condition). On the morning of day 2, the participants ran for 60 min at 65% of trueV˙O2max. Sleep duration was significantly shorter under the PSD condition (141.2 ± 13.3 min) than under the CON condition (469.0 ± 2.3 min, p < .0001). Serum hepcidin, plasma interleukin (IL)‐6, serum haptoglobin, iron, and myoglobin levels did not differ significantly between the conditions (p > .05) on the morning (before exercise) of day 2. Additionally, the 3‐hr postexercise levels for the hematological variables were not significantly different between the two conditions (p > .05). In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that a single night of PSD after an exercise session in the evening did not affect baseline serum hepcidin level the following morning. Moreover, a 60 min run the following morning increased serum hepcidin and plasma IL‐6 levels significantly, but the exercise‐induced elevations were not affected by PSD.

show abstract

Elevated Serum Hepcidin Levels during an Intensified Training Period in Well-Trained Female Long-Distance Runners

Cited by 31 publications

References 41 publications

Increased Hepcidin Levels During a Period of High Training Load Do Not Alter Iron Status in Male Elite Junior Rowers

Increased Hepcidin Levels During a Period of High Training Load Do Not Alter Iron Status in Male Elite Junior Rowers

Sweat iron concentration during 4-week exercise training

Partial sleep deprivation after an acute exercise session does not augment hepcidin levels the following day

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About