Elicitation of phenolics from the micropropagated endangered medicinal plant Calligonum polygonoides L. (Polygonoaceae)

Abstract

Background:Calligonum polygonoides L. subsp. comosum (L’Hér.) Sosk. is a plant species belonging to family Polygonaceae. Susceptibility to threaten, presence of various chemical constituents, and many medicinal effects reported for this plant in addition to rareness of in vitro culture studies have fuelled the need for its micropropagation and phytochemical investigations of the produced cultures.Objectives:To employ in vitro culture technique for ex situ conservation of C. polygonoides, using the fruit as an explant; establish callus and cell suspension cultures from in vitro germinated plantlets; investigate the production of phenolics through callus, redifferentiated shoot, and cell suspension cultures; attempt to enhance cell capacity to accumulate phenolics using salicylic acid and yeast extract and provide a brief demonstration of biosynthetic pathway leading to phenolic production.Materials and Methods:Modified Murashige and Skoog media supplemented with growth hormones such as kinetin, 1-naphthaleneacetic acid, 6-benzylaminopurine, and indole-3-acetic acid were used to establish callus, redifferentiated shoots, and cell suspension cultures. Elicitation of cell suspension culture was performed using salicylic acid and yeast extracts. A reversed phase-high performance liquid chromatography method for determination of phenolic content in the aforementioned cultures was developed.Results:The unorganized callus and cell suspension cultures contained fewer amounts of phenolic compounds than redifferentiated shoots. Elicitation produced massive quantitative reprogramming of phenolic content.Conclusion:The present study offers an alternative and renewable source for this valuable natural plant, provide a chance to improve secondary metabolite yield and serve as a useful tool for studying the biosynthesis of these compounds and its regulation in plant cells.SUMMARY In vitro culture techniques provided a strategy for ex situ conservation of the endangered C. polygonoides.Unorganized callus and cell suspension cultures accumulated less phenolic content than re-differentiated shoots.Elicitation produced massive quantitative reprogramming of phenolic content.Phenolic biosynthesis was discussed briefly. Abbreviation used: H2O2: Hydrogen peroxide, Kin: Kinetin, NAA: Naphthaleneacetic acid, BAP: 6-benzylaminopurine, IAA: Indole-3-acetic acid, HPLC: High-performance liquid chromatography.

In vitro bioproduction and enhancement of moscatilin from a threatened tropical epiphytic orchid, Dendrobium ovatum (Willd.) Kraenzl

“…High Phenolic accumulations mainly demand tissue differentiation, and it has been described earlier that the capacity of an undifferentiated tissue such as callus to produce more phenolic is narrow. But, a rise in phenolic content has been witnessed after the callus has undergone organogenesis, which aligns with the present study (Owis et al 2016).…”

Production of Medicinal Compounds from Endangered and Commercially Important Medicinal Plants through Cell and Tissue Culture Technology for Herbal Industry

“…Hallard et al [52] used secologanin and tryptamine in cell suspension cultures of Nicotiana tabaccum for the production of strictosidine. Phenolics compounds were elicited from micropropagated plants of Calligonum polygonoides by Owis et al [53].…”

Development of a novel noninvasive quantitative method to monitor Siraitia grosvenorii cell growth and browning degree using an integrated computer‐aided vision technology and machine learning

“…Many factors resulting in cell browning have been reported. For instance, dissolved oxygen (DO) can oxidize phenolic substances to form quinones (Hesami et al, 2018; R. Li et al, 2018; Pandey et al, 2020) that lead to browning of the PCC; the stress response reaction of suspension cell also causes its own color to brown (Owis et al, 2016). In any case, cell browning can impair cell growth, and even can cause cell death, ultimately leading to biomass declination.…”