Eliza in the uncanny valley: anthropomorphizing consumer robots increases their perceived warmth but decreases liking

Kim, Seo Young; Schmitt, Bernd H.; Thalmann, Nadia Magnenat

doi:10.1007/s11002-019-09485-9

Cited by 304 publications

(285 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…For example, it remains unclear why AI designers may intuitively choose to launch AI tools like chatbots and service robots with feminine features (e.g., names, bodies, and voices) and why consumers seem to have stronger preference for such tools compared to robotic devices with more masculine features. New evolutionary‐inspired conceptualizations, based on which key characteristics that are seen as fundamentally human and fundamentally lacking in machines, may enable more deep‐rooted explanations behind such preference patterns and design decisions, which are likely to be different from prior perspectives based on anthropomorphism and warmth–competence models (Belanche et al, 2020; Huang & Rust, 2021; Kim et al, 2019; Mende et al, 2019; B. Schmitt, 2020; van Doorn et al, 2017).…”

Section: The Future Of Ep In Marketing: More Mixed Methods Further Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary psychology in marketing: Deep, debated, but fancier with fieldwork

Otterbring

2021

Psychology and Marketing

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This guest editorial starts with an introduction of evolutionary psychology (EP) in the marketing domain and delineates some of the building blocks of EP, both generally and when applied to consumer research. While EP is a debated discipline among marketing scholars, with some praising its presence and others perceiving it as patriarchal, politically incorrect, and problematic, a central tenet of this metaframework is a focus on deeprooted, ultimate explanations for human behavior. Marketing scholars have traditionally focused on proximate "how" and "what" questions, which are indeed important to address. However, unlike such proximate questions, EP strives to capture the ultimate "why" reasons behind our purchases and product preferences in terms of which adaptive functions they may have in giving us an evolutionary advantage. Having highlighted and exemplified this proximate-ultimate distinction, I then present each state-of-the-art paper included in this special issue. All special issue articles use a variety of EP arguments and theories to elucidate several consumption-relevant phenomena with implications for marketing theory and practice. In closing, I provide a set of suggestions for future EP-based consumer research, meant to make this field flourish further.

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Section: The Future Of Ep In Marketing: More Mixed Methods Further Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary psychology in marketing: Deep, debated, but fancier with fieldwork

Otterbring

2021

Psychology and Marketing

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“…On the other hand, AIVAs that are too human-like in appearance and/or communication could inadvertently trigger a feeling of discomfort among consumers (Mori et al 2012;Wang et al 2015). Kim et al (2019) showed that when consumers perceive robots as warm in appearance or behavior, they initially judge them as positive, but as robots become increasingly warmer and more human-like, the uncomfortable feeling of uncanniness sets in and diminishes positive attitudes. While the aforementioned research suggests that being overly human-like may be detrimental for an AIVA, algorithms can still be implemented in ways that appeal to the consumer.…”

Section: Consumer Adoption Of Ai-powered Voice Assistantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumer decisions with artificially intelligent voice assistants

et al. 2020

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Consumers are widely adopting Artificially Intelligent Voice Assistants (AIVAs). AIVAs now handle many different everyday tasks and are also increasingly assisting consumers with purchasing decisions, making AIVAs a rich topic for marketing researchers. We develop a series of propositions regarding how consumer decision-making processes may change when moved from traditional online purchase environments to AI-powered voicebased dialogs, in the hopes of encouraging further academic thinking and research in this rapidly developing, high impact area of consumer-firm interaction. We also provide suggestions for marketing managers and policymakers on points to pay attention to when they respond to the proposed effects of AIVAs on consumer decisions. Keywords Artificial intelligence. Voice assistants. Consumer decision-making. Consumer dialogs. Digital marketing. Consumer models Artificially Intelligent interactive Voice Assistants (AIVAs), also known as Voice-Activated Personal Assistants or Smart-Home Personal Assistants, have become widely adopted by consumers as aids in a variety of everyday tasks. AIVAs currently handle over one billion tasks per month, with the majority of uses being simple information requests ("Cortana, what is the weather today?") or household commands ("Ok Google, turn on the lights.").

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“…此外, 还有研究者专门分析拟人化外观的各个方面(如面部特征、身体特征等), 探讨不同方面对人们感知机器人拟人化程度的影响 [25,26] , 足可见拟人化外观在机器人研 [28] ; 也有研究者直接从美学的角度出发, 提出机器人外观的吸引力能够减轻"恐怖谷"效应 [29,30] ; 另外还有研究者则认为是高度拟人化造成了死亡思想的可及性(accessibility), 从而导致"恐怖谷"效应的产生 [31] . 虽然关于 "恐怖谷"效应机制的研究结论尚未达成一致, 但是无可否认的一点是, 机器人的研究者和设计者应当在理论和实践中探索拟人化的最佳水平, 警惕"恐怖谷"效应可能导致人们对机器人的负面态度 [32] . 除了视觉特征以外, 机器人的触觉特征和听觉特征也同样不容忽视.…”

Section: 拟人化是在机器人外观研究中最为热点的一个问题unclassified

Factors that influence robot acceptance

Xu¹,

Ye²

2019

Chin. Sci. Bull.

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Eliza in the uncanny valley: anthropomorphizing consumer robots increases their perceived warmth but decreases liking

Cited by 304 publications

References 28 publications

Evolutionary psychology in marketing: Deep, debated, but fancier with fieldwork

Evolutionary psychology in marketing: Deep, debated, but fancier with fieldwork

Consumer decisions with artificially intelligent voice assistants

Factors that influence robot acceptance

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