Ellagic Acid Alleviates Mice Intestinal Ischemia‐Reperfusion Injury: A Study Based on Transcriptomics Combined with Functional Experiments

Abstract

BackgroundIt has been reported that intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IIRI) is closely related to in ammatory response, apoptosis and oxidative stress. Ellagic acid (EA) has been proved to have antioxidant and antiin ammatory effects, and can inhibit tumor angiogenesis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effects of EA on IIRI in mice. MethodsA mouse model of IIRI was established by clamping the mesenteric artery. Effects and mechanisms of EA on IIRI were investigate by transcriptomics combined with functional experiments. ResultsThe symptoms of IIRI were re ected in signi cant increases in in ammatory factors such as TNF-α and IL-1β; signi cant increases in oxidative stress indicators such as MDA and GSH and decreases in SOD and promotion of the apoptotic protein Bax/Bcl-2. These indicators were signi cantly alleviated by EA.And after EA treatment, transcriptomics results identi ed AKT1 differentially expressed mRNAs mainly enriched in PI3K/AKT signalling pathway. ConclusionThis study illustrates the protective effects against IIRI, the possible mechanisms were also studied. This study provides new scienti c information for the application of EA in IIRI therapy.

When less is more: Experimental Bishop–Koop technique for reduction in the use of laboratory animals for intestinal pathophysiological studies

“…All of these studies required the use of one animal per sampling incident, which highlights the importance of techniques that optimise the use of experimental animals. [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] In our selective clamping IIRI-BK model, we obtained five samples from the same injured intestine, considerably reducing the number of rats and allowing kinetic studies. In addition, SI morphological damage and villus recovery were comparable with several previous results published by our group and others.…”

“…Among experimental studies focused on gastrointestinal diseases found in the literature, IIRI-and 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis in rats appears as a current model used by many authors and research groups around the world. [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] For this reason, we selected these two relevant pathologies to evaluate the experimental BK procedure in an intestinal injury scenario. IIRI was used for simulating a model of intestinal intussusception, strangulated hernia or intestinal transplantation.…”

“…Briefly, as described by our group and others, after laparotomy, superior mesenteric artery was identified and occluded with a vascular clamp for 60 min followed by different times of reperfusion, depending on stipulated sampling design. 8,[20][21][22]29 Small bowel sampling and morphological analysis. A series of tissue samples of approximately 1 cm were obtained from the intestinal-derived loop in the BKþIIRI and BK without IIRI groups: during surgery, when making the derived loop (T0), 30 min (T1), 60 min (T2), 1 day (T3) and 7 days after reperfusion (T4).…”

“…For example, in the SI, superior mesenteric artery clamping model is currently used to evaluate IIRI, requiring one animal for each sample and study time. [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] The same situation occurs in the field of experimental colitis, where old and recent scientific articles use one animal in each LI sample collection. [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] For the reasons mentioned above, it is a challenge to develop models that enable reducing the number of animals involved in these studies.…”

Efectos del precondicionamiento isquémico abdominal multiorgánico en modelos experimentales de isquemia-reperfusión

“…De los estudios experimentales focalizados en patología de intestino delgado la IIR es un modelo de interés en la actualidad. (91)(92)(93)(94)(95)(96)(97)(98)(99)(100) Materiales y métodos: Se emplearon ratas Wistar hembras (peso 221 ± 13 gr). A las mismas se les proporcionó agua y alimento a demanda previo al acto quirúrgico.…”