Elucidating the endocytosis, intracellular trafficking, and exocytosis of carbon dots in neural cells

Zhou, Nan; Zhu, Shoujun; Maharjan, Suraj; Hao, Zeyu; Song, Yubing; Zhao, Xiaohuan; Jiang, Yanfang; Yang, Bai; Lu, Laijin

doi:10.1039/c4ra09525a

Cited by 50 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Fluorescence microscopy, FACS and TEM were used to study the exact uptake mechanism of FMSPs. Different endocytosis inhibitors were used to determine which pathway was mainly involved in the uptake of FMSPs according to the description in a previous publication [22]. Two millimolar MβCD (depleting cholesterol from the cell membranes) and 50 μg/ml genistein (inhibitor of tyrosine protein kinase blocking the phosphorylation of caveolin-1) were used to inhibit caveolae-mediated endocytosis.…”

Section: Cellular Uptake Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and elongation of axons through mechanical tension mediated by fluorescent-magnetic bifunctional Fe3O4·Rhodamine 6G@PDA superparticles

Wang

et al. 2020

J Nanobiotechnol

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Background: The primary strategy to repair peripheral nerve injuries is to bridge the lesions by promoting axon regeneration. Thus, the ability to direct and manipulate neuronal cell axon regeneration has been one of the top priorities in the field of neuroscience. A recent innovative approach for remotely guiding neuronal regeneration is to incorporate magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) into cells and transfer the resulting MNP-loaded cells into a magnetically sensitive environment to respond to an external magnetic field. To realize this intention, the synthesis and preparation of ideal MNPs is an important challenge to overcome. Results: In this study, we designed and prepared novel fluorescent-magnetic bifunctional Fe 3 O 4 •Rhodamine 6G@ polydopamine superparticles (FMSPs) as neural regeneration therapeutics. With the help of their excellent biocompatibility and ability to interact with neural cells, our in-house fabricated FMSPs can be endocytosed into cells, transported along the axons, and then aggregated in the growth cones. As a result, the mechanical forces generated by FMSPs can promote the growth and elongation of axons and stimulate gene expression associated with neuron growth under external magnetic fields. Conclusions: Our work demonstrates that FMSPs can be used as a novel stimulator to promote noninvasive neural regeneration through cell magnetic actuation.

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Section: Cellular Uptake Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and elongation of axons through mechanical tension mediated by fluorescent-magnetic bifunctional Fe3O4·Rhodamine 6G@PDA superparticles

Wang

et al. 2020

J Nanobiotechnol

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“…The lysosome is considered a targeted organ for GONS localization. 5,39 Furthermore, the results of the present study indicate that small GOQD induced the production of more lysosomes than large GONS. Similar to starch grains, the increase in the number of lysosomes might reflect a pattern of cellular adaptation.…”

Section: ■ Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Envelopment–Internalization Synergistic Effects and Metabolic Mechanisms of Graphene Oxide on Single-Cell Chlorella vulgaris Are Dependent on the Nanomaterial Particle Size

Ouyang

Zhou

2015

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

132

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The interactions between nanomaterials and cells are fundamental in biological responses to nanomaterials. However, the size-dependent synergistic effects of envelopment and internalization as well as the metabolic mechanisms of nanomaterials have remained unknown. The nanomaterials tested here were larger graphene oxide nanosheets (GONS) and small graphene oxide quantum dots (GOQD). GONS intensively entrapped single-celled Chlorella vulgaris, and envelopment by GONS reduced the cell permeability. In contrast, GOQD-induced remarkable shrinkage of the plasma membrane and then enhanced cell permeability through strong internalization effects such as plasmolysis, uptake of nanomaterials, an oxidative stress increase, and inhibition of cell division and chlorophyll biosynthesis. Metabolomics analysis showed that amino acid metabolism was sensitive to nanomaterial exposure. Shrinkage of the plasma membrane is proposed to be linked to increases in the isoleucine levels. The inhibition of cell division and chlorophyll a biosynthesis was associated with decreases in aspartic acid and serine, the precursors of chlorophyll a. The increases in mitochondrial membrane potential loss and oxidative stress were correlated with an increase in linolenic acid. The above metabolites can be used as indicators of the corresponding biological responses. These results enhance our systemic understanding of the size-dependent biological effects of nanomaterials.

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“…The CNDs that display larger toxicity in the INS-1 cells used in this study are less toxic in the PC12 and RSC96 celles. 59 Our previous studies have demonstrated that the CDs are uptaken by an endocytosis mediated via caveolae and clathrin. The macropinocytosis also plays a role in the PDs internalization.…”

Section: Toxicity Of Hiapp In Ins-1 Cells Treated With Various Cdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The internalized CDs distribute in the cytoplasm and nucleus. 49,59 The CDs may affect the cell apoptosis, cell cycle as well as signaling pathway and the effects are strongly associated with the physicochemical properties of CDs including size, shape, surface charge and surface functional groups, etc.. The dynamical change of the CDs in vivo and the interactions between CDs and the biological milieu further increase the complexicity for analyzing the biological effects of CDs.…”

Section: Toxicity Of Hiapp In Ins-1 Cells Treated With Various Cdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of a series of carbon dots on fibrillation and cytotoxicity of human islet amyloid polypeptide

Wang

Zhu

et al. 2016

J. Mater. Chem. B

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Carbon dots (CDs) have been widely used as the candidates of drug carriers and bio-imaging probes because of their high drug loading capacity and intrinsic fluorescence property, as well as good biocompatibility. In this study, the potential role of CDs in regulating the aggregation behavior of human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) was explored for the first time. Five kinds of CDs belonging to three categories, namely polymer dots (PDs-1 and PDs-2), carbon nanodots (CNDs and CQDs), and graphene quantum dots (GQDs), were prepared and characterized. The fibrillation behaviors of hIAPP in the presence of these CDs were monitored by the ThT assay and TEM/AFM imaging and the cytotoxicity of the systems was tested by the MTT and LDH release assays. Our results showed that the polymer dots and carbon nanodots inhibit hIAPP fibrillation, while the GQDs promoted the formation of hIAPP fibrils. The PDs and GQDs that were nontoxic in INS-1 cells exerted efficiencies in decreasing the cell death induced by hIAPP through different mechanisms. The inhibitory activity and mechanism of the CDs were closely associated with their structures and surface properties. Our results shed light on a new potential application of CDs in therapeutics. .

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Elucidating the endocytosis, intracellular trafficking, and exocytosis of carbon dots in neural cells

Cited by 50 publications

References 69 publications

Growth and elongation of axons through mechanical tension mediated by fluorescent-magnetic bifunctional Fe3O4·Rhodamine 6G@PDA superparticles

Growth and elongation of axons through mechanical tension mediated by fluorescent-magnetic bifunctional Fe3O4·Rhodamine 6G@PDA superparticles

Envelopment–Internalization Synergistic Effects and Metabolic Mechanisms of Graphene Oxide on Single-Cell Chlorella vulgaris Are Dependent on the Nanomaterial Particle Size

The effects of a series of carbon dots on fibrillation and cytotoxicity of human islet amyloid polypeptide

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