Elucidation of efficient photosynthesis in plants with limited iron

Higuchi, Kyoko; Saito, Akihiro

doi:10.1080/00380768.2022.2106115

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…Therefore, to focus on whether thylakoid membrane structure and its protein distribution affect Fe availability, the analysis using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was conducted to observe the organization of grana stack and stromal thylakoids in chloroplasts of SRB1 and EHM1. Although the structures of thylakoids in Fe-deficient mesophyll cells varied from rather normal to swollen abnormal thylakoids [5,18], we found that SRB1 seemed to have more stromal lamellar sheets than did EHM1, even under the Fe-sufficient condition. To confirm this characteristic quantitatively, we tried to simply estimate the stromal thylakoid/grana stacks on the TEM images.…”

Section: Organization Of Thylakoid Membrane In Fe-sufficient Leavescontrasting

confidence: 57%

“…Nevertheless, some plant species, including barley, can maintain photosynthetic function even after prolonged exposure to Fe deficiency [17]. In this context, we have shed light on the diversity of Fe-deficient responses on photosystems in Graminaceae plants and revealed the barleyspecific photoprotective mechanism using light-harvesting antenna Lhcb1 isoforms during Fe deficiency [5,17,18]. Interestingly, we also found that SRB1, a barley variety with significantly higher Fe deficiency tolerance, may have a unique electron transfer function to protect downstream PSI [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…A large amount of iron (Fe) is required for efficient electron transfer in the photosynthetic apparatus. Specifically, the photosystem I (PSI) reaction center harbors three 4Fe-4S clusters and is the primary target of Fe deficiency [1][2][3][4][5]. Two strategies to maintain photosynthesis in Fe-deficient chloroplasts are possible: a continuous supply of Fe to reaction center proteins or the reorganization of protein complexes to ensure electron transfer utilizing a smaller amount of Fe.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Barley Cultivar Sarab 1 Has a Characteristic Region on the Thylakoid Membrane That Protects Photosystem I under Iron-Deficient Conditions

Saito

Hoshi

Wakabayashi

et al. 2023

Plants

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The barley cultivar Sarab 1 (SRB1) can continue photosynthesis despite its low Fe acquisition potential via roots and dramatically reduced amounts of photosystem I (PSI) reaction-center proteins under Fe-deficient conditions. We compared the characteristics of photosynthetic electron transfer (ET), thylakoid ultrastructure, and Fe and protein distribution on thylakoid membranes among barley cultivars. The Fe-deficient SRB1 had a large proportion of functional PSI proteins by avoiding P700 over-reduction. An analysis of the thylakoid ultrastructure clarified that SRB1 had a larger proportion of non-appressed thylakoid membranes than those in another Fe-tolerant cultivar, Ehimehadaka-1 (EHM1). Separating thylakoids by differential centrifugation further revealed that the Fe-deficient SRB1 had increased amounts of low/light-density thylakoids with increased Fe and light-harvesting complex II (LHCII) than did EHM1. LHCII with uncommon localization probably prevents excessive ET from PSII leading to elevated NPQ and lower PSI photodamage in SRB1 than in EHM1, as supported by increased Y(NPQ) and Y(ND) in the Fe-deficient SRB1. Unlike this strategy, EHM1 may preferentially supply Fe cofactors to PSI, thereby exploiting more surplus reaction center proteins than SRB1 under Fe-deficient conditions. In summary, SRB1 and EHM1 support PSI through different mechanisms during Fe deficiency, suggesting that barley species have multiple strategies for acclimating photosynthetic apparatus to Fe deficiency.

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Section: Organization Of Thylakoid Membrane In Fe-sufficient Leavescontrasting

confidence: 57%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Barley Cultivar Sarab 1 Has a Characteristic Region on the Thylakoid Membrane That Protects Photosystem I under Iron-Deficient Conditions

Saito

Hoshi

Wakabayashi

et al. 2023

Plants

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“…The reduction in PSII under Fe deficiency may be due to photoinhibition caused by an imbalance in the excitation of electron transfer between PSI and PSII rather than a direct effect of Fe deficiency. Some studies on Fe depletion in plants reported that PSI was the major target of Fe deficiency (Timperio et al, 2007;Higuchi and Saito, 2022). NPQ reflects thermal dissipation of excitation energy in PSII antennae, which depends on acidification of the lumen and thus electron transport activity (Schreiber et al, 1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of the Arabidopsis Mg-chelatase H subunit alleviates iron deficiency-induced stress in transgenic rice

2023

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The most common symptom of iron (Fe) deficiency in plants is leaf chlorosis caused by impairment of chlorophyll biosynthesis. Magnesium (Mg)-chelatase H subunit (CHLH) is a key component in both chlorophyll biosynthesis and plastid signaling, but its role in Fe deficiency is poorly understood. Heterologous expression of the Arabidopsis thaliana Mg-chelatase H subunit gene (AtCHLH) increased Mg-chelatase activity by up to 6-fold and abundance of its product, Mg-protoporphyrin IX (Mg-Proto IX), by 60–75% in transgenic rice (Oryza sativa) seedlings compared to wild-type (WT) controls. Noticeably, the transgenic seedlings showed alleviation of Fe deficiency symptoms, as evidenced by their less pronounced leaf chlorosis and lower declines in shoot growth, chlorophyll contents, and photosynthetic efficiency, as indicated by Fv/Fm and electron transport rate, compared to those in WT seedlings under Fe deficiency. Porphyrin metabolism was differentially regulated by Fe deficiency between WT and transgenic seedlings, particularly with a higher level of Mg-Proto IX in transgenic lines, showing that overexpression of AtCHLH reprograms porphyrin metabolism in transgenic rice. Leaves of Fe-deficient transgenic seedlings exhibited greater upregulation of deoxymugineic acid biosynthesis-related genes (i.e., NAS, NAS2, and NAAT1), YSL2 transporter gene, and Fe-related transcription factor genes IRO2 and IDEF2 than those of WT, which may also partly contribute to alleviating Fe deficiency. Although AtCHLH was postulated to act as a receptor for abscisic acid (ABA), exogenous ABA did not alter the phenotypes of Fe-deficient WT or transgenic seedlings. Our study demonstrates that modulation of porphyrin biosynthesis through expression of AtCHLH in transgenic rice alleviates Fe deficiency-induced stress, suggesting a possible role for CHLH in Fe deficiency responses.

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“…In the three membrane systems constructed by the thylakoid membrane system, the outer and inner envelope membranes defined the structure of mature chloroplasts . Notably, the light-dependent processes take place in the thylakoid membrane system, which acts as a biological solar cell by transforming sunlight into an electron transport and a proton gradient across the membrane. , In detail, the light triggers two sequential charge separations in photosystem I (PS I) and photosystem II (PS II) . First, by absorbing light energy, the electrons in PSII were excited and transferred through an electron transport chain, generating a chemiosmotic potential that supplies energy for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production.…”

Section: Thylakoid (Type 4)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Material-Assisted Engineering of Organelles for Biomedical Applications

Liu

2022

ACS Materials Lett.

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Organelles play significant roles in mediating communication between and within cells. Furthermore, organelle failure would affect cellular homeostasis and result in a variety of pathophysiologies, such as cancer, metabolic, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative illness. Since healthy and functional organelles with natural biological functions play important roles in the regulation and recovery of defective cells, exosomes, an extracellular organelle, have been used as viable natural vehicles for drug loading and delivery by using physical and chemical engineering techniques. With the development of synthetic chemistry, materials, and nanotechnology, material-assisted engineering of intracellular organelles has received much research interest. In this Review, we summarize four different strategies for isolated intracellular organelle engineering, including electrostatic interaction, hydrophobic interaction, covalent conjugation, and lipid fusion to highlight how man-made and natural materials could be used to modify organelles and make them more powerful for various applications. We expect this Review could encourage further development in organelle painting techniques, and their compatibility with cell biology would result in novel living materials for efficient theragnostic applications.

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Elucidation of efficient photosynthesis in plants with limited iron

Cited by 11 publications

References 87 publications

Barley Cultivar Sarab 1 Has a Characteristic Region on the Thylakoid Membrane That Protects Photosystem I under Iron-Deficient Conditions

Barley Cultivar Sarab 1 Has a Characteristic Region on the Thylakoid Membrane That Protects Photosystem I under Iron-Deficient Conditions

Expression of the Arabidopsis Mg-chelatase H subunit alleviates iron deficiency-induced stress in transgenic rice

Material-Assisted Engineering of Organelles for Biomedical Applications

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