Embedded Ink Writing (EIW) of Polysiloxane Inks

Karyappa, Rahul; Ching, Terry; Hashimoto, Michinao

doi:10.1021/acsami.0c03011

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…In addition, a matrix of conditions that included different extrusion pressures and printing-head linear velocities was explored. The effect of printing parameters such as applied pressure and print speed on the print fidelity has been studied in detail in recent publications. , …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-Dimensional Printing Using a Maize Protein: Zein-Based Inks in Biomedical Applications

Negrete

Aceves-Colin

Rivera-Flores

et al. 2021

ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng.

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The use of three-dimensional (3D) printing for biomedical applications has expanded exponentially in recent years. However, the current portfolio of 3D printable inks is still limited. For instance, only few protein matrices have been explored as printing/bioprinting materials. Here, we introduce the use of zein, the primary constitutive protein in maize seeds, as a 3D printable material. Zein-based inks were prepared by dissolving commercial zein powder in ethanol with or without polyethylene glycol (PEG400) as a plasticizer. The rheological characteristics of our materials, studied during 21 days of aging/maturation, showed an increase in the apparent viscosity as a function of time in all formulations. The addition of PEG400 decreased the apparent viscosity. Inks with and without PEG400 and at different maturation times were tested for printability in a BioX bioprinter. We optimized the 3D printing parameters for each ink formulation in terms of extrusion pressure and linear printing velocity. Higher fidelity structures were obtained with inks that had maturation times of 10 to 14 days. We present different proof-of-concept experiments to demonstrate the versatility of the engineered zein inks for diverse biomedical applications. These include printing of complex and/or free-standing 3D structures, tablets for controlled drug release, and scaffolds for cell culture.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-Dimensional Printing Using a Maize Protein: Zein-Based Inks in Biomedical Applications

Negrete

Aceves-Colin

Rivera-Flores

et al. 2021

ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng.

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“…DIW 3D printing has been widely demonstrated in 3D printing for polymers, foods, hydrogels[ 13 , 14 ]. Polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol were 3D printed to serve as coating layers for controlling the drug release of active ingredients[ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preheating of Gelatin Improves its Printability with Transglutaminase in Direct Ink Writing 3D Printing

Tan¹,

Lee²,

Hashimoto³

2024

IJB

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Gelatin and transglutaminase (TG) ink is increasingly popular in direct ink writing three-dimensional (3D) printing of cellular scaffolds and edible materials. The use of enzymes to crosslink gelatin chains removes the needs for toxic crosslinkers and bypasses undesired side reactions due to the specificity of the enzymes. However, their application in 3D printing remains challenging primarily due to the rapid crosslinking that leads to the short duration of printable time. In this work, we propose the use of gelatin preheated for 7 days to extend the duration of the printing time of the gelatin ink. We first determined the stiffness of freshly prepared gelatin (FG) and preheated gelatin (PG) (5 – 20% w/w) containing 5% w/w TG. We selected gelatin hydrogels made from 7.5% w/w FG and 10% w/w PG that yielded similar stiffness for subsequent studies to determine the duration of the printable time. PG inks exhibited longer time required for gelation and a smaller increase in viscosity with time than FG inks of similar stiffness. Our study suggested the advantage to preheat gelatin to enhance the printability of the ink, which is essential for extrusion-based bioprinting and food printing.

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“…Unfortunately, for commercial silicone formulations, the most suitable way is polymerization, which suffers from slow kinetics and a corresponding slow increase in viscosity, leading to material flow, poor resolution, and long build time. [ 18 ] Although, many new printing strategies for soft silicone have been invented, including capillary‐suspension‐type [ 15,19 ] and emulsion‐type inks, [ 20 ] as well as tailored printing concepts such as embedded printing, [ 21,22 ] multinozzle 3D printing, [ 13 ] or other customized printing methods. [ 11,18 ] Nevertheless, the rapid 3D printing of silicone elastomers with high resolution is still difficult to achieve, limiting their applications, especially in flexible electronics [ 6,23 ] and smart soft devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…printing, [21,22] multinozzle 3D printing, [13] or other customized printing methods. [11,18] Nevertheless, the rapid 3D printing of silicone elastomers with high resolution is still difficult to achieve, limiting their applications, especially in flexible electronics [6,23] and smart soft devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase‐Change‐Enabled, Rapid, High‐Resolution Direct Ink Writing of Soft Silicone

Wang

Willenbacher

2022

Advanced Materials

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Soft silicone is an ideal flexible material for application, e.g., in soft robotics, flexible electronics, bionics, or implantable biomedical devices. However, gravity‐driven sagging, filament stretching, and deformation can cause inevitable defects during rapid manufacturing, making it hard to obtain complex, high‐resolution 3D silicone structures with direct ink writing (DIW) technology. Here, rapid DIW of soft silicone enabled by a phase‐change‐induced, reversible change of the ink's hierarchical microstructure is presented. During printing, the silicone‐based ink, containing silica nanoparticles and wax microparticles, is extruded from a heated nozzle into a cold environment under controlled stress. The wax phase change (solid–liquid–solid) during printing rapidly destroys and rebuilds the particle networks, realizing fast control of the ink flow behavior and printability. This high‐operating‐temperature DIW method is fast (maximum speed ≈3100 mm min−1) and extends the DIW scale range of soft silicone. The extruded filaments have small diameters (50 ± 5 µm), and allow for large spans (≈13‐fold filament diameter) and high aspect ratios (≈1), setting a new benchmark in the DIW of soft silicone. Printed silicone structures exhibit excellent performance as flexible sensors, superhydrophobic surfaces, and shape‐memory bionic devices, illustrating the potential of the new 3D printing strategy.

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Embedded Ink Writing (EIW) of Polysiloxane Inks

Cited by 23 publications

References 58 publications

Three-Dimensional Printing Using a Maize Protein: Zein-Based Inks in Biomedical Applications

Three-Dimensional Printing Using a Maize Protein: Zein-Based Inks in Biomedical Applications

Preheating of Gelatin Improves its Printability with Transglutaminase in Direct Ink Writing 3D Printing

Phase‐Change‐Enabled, Rapid, High‐Resolution Direct Ink Writing of Soft Silicone

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