Embroidered Electrode with Silver/Titanium Coating for Long-Term ECG Monitoring

Abstract

For the long-time monitoring of electrocardiograms, electrodes must be skin-friendly and non-irritating, but in addition they must deliver leads without artifacts even if the skin is dry and the body is moving. Today's adhesive conducting gel electrodes are not suitable for such applications. We have developed an embroidered textile electrode from polyethylene terephthalate yarn which is plasma-coated with silver for electrical conductivity and with an ultra-thin titanium layer on top for passivation. Two of these electrodes are embedded into a breast belt. They are moisturized with a very low amount of water vapor from an integrated reservoir. The combination of silver, titanium and water vapor results in an excellent electrode chemistry. With this belt the long-time monitoring of electrocardiography (ECG) is possible at rest as well as when the patient is moving.

Flexible Graphene Electrodes for Prolonged Dynamic ECG Monitoring

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“…Their selective permeability for water-vapor is not only interesting for apparel, but can also be used in medical applications, e.g., for cooling garments that alleviate symptoms of multiple sclerosis. [ 12,13 ] A major drawback of these membranes is that they are sensitive to punctures and mechanical wear and tear. Evaporative heat loss causes a gentle drop in temperature of the skin and the tissue underneath.…”