Embroidered Resistive Pressure Sensors: A Novel Approach for Textile Interfaces

Embroidered Inflatables: Exploring Sample Making in Research through Design

“…Embroidery, in particular, has shown the potential of supporting the design of interactive garments as it offers more freedom of routing than knitting or weaving (Linz et al 2008) to create soft circuits (Post et al 2000;Hamdan, Voelker, and Borchers 2018) and it requires a relatively low threshold of experience. Moreover, it enables direct interconnections with conventional flexible electronics (Linz et al 2008) and fabricating a variety of sensors (Linz, Gourmelon, and Langereis 2007;Aigner et al 2020).…”

Capacitivo

“…Explicit input refers to the input carried out in the fore of the user's consciousness [12]. Research on interactive fabrics has been primarily focused on explicit input using touch [1,24,33] or deformation gestures [6,28,36]. The earliest exploration of this space was the Musical Jacket [23], which allows a user to interact with a computer using a fabric-based touch keypad embroidered on a jacket.…”

“…Interactive fabrics enable numerous applications for smart everyday "things" and beyond (e.g., garments, furniture, and toys) [1,7,23,40]. However, with existing sensing techniques, input through a fabric is primarily carried out by a user performing an action, such as touching [1,23,30] or deforming [6,25,36]. This means that the fabric lacks awareness of its context of use, such as what types of objects it is in contact with.…”

“…Our prototype is composed of a grid of 12 × 12 electrodes made of conductive fabric that is attached to a textile substrate (Figure 1a). The electrodes are connected Te-Yen Wu 1 , Lu Tan ,1,2 , Yuji Zhang 1,3 , Teddy Seyed 4 , Xing-Dong Yang 1 Dartmouth College 1 , Wuhan University 2 , Southeast University 3 , Microsoft Research 4 {te-yen.wu.gr; xing-dong.yang}@dartmouth.edu, teddy.seyed@microsoft.com by rows and columns, allowing a contacted object to be recognized based on its material as well as the shape of the contact area using mutual and self-capacitive sensing. We carefully designed the size of the electrodes and the distance between them, to maximize the sensitivity of our prototype when placed flat on a tabletop.…”

“…Local Binary Pattern(36) • Hu Moments(7) • Object Area(1): Number of pixels the object covers • Object Edge (1): Number of pixels on object's edge • Average Distance (4): Average distance from object's pixels to object's center of gravity and geometric center (2), average distance from object's edge pixels to object's center of gravity and geometric center (2) • Number of Blobs (1), • Average Diameter of Blobs (1) Statistical Functions (13): Mean per mode (2), Max (1), Binned Entropy (1), Local Maximum Numbers (1), Median (1), Quantiles (3), Count above/below mean (2), Variance(1), Absolute energy of the object's pixel values (1) • Ten-Fold Stats (20): Sort and divide the object's pixel values into 10 folds and average for each fold (10),Divide grayscale values (e.g., 0~255) into ten intervals and count the number of the pixels in each interval(10) …”