Embryogenic protoplast cultures of orange jessamine (Murraya paniculata) and their regeneration into plants flowering in vitro

Abstract

Embryogenic callus was induced from the hypocotyl region of seedlings germinated from immature embryos of orange jessamine (Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack) on Murashige & Tucker (1969) medium containing 50 g 1-1 sucrose, 5.0 mg 1-l benzyladenine, 2.5 mg 1-1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 600 mg 1-1 malt extract. Isolated protoplasts divided to produce callus on Murashige & Tucker (1969) medium containing 50 g 1-1 sucrose, 0.01 mg 1-1 gibberellin A4+7 and 600 mg 1-l malt extract. Callus developed to plantlets via somatic embryogenesis on Murashige & Tucker (1969) medium with 50 g 1 -l lactose but no plant growth regulators. These plantlets flowered in vitro on half strength Murashige & Tucker (1969) medium containing 50 g 1-l sucrose after 2 months culture.

Establishment of an efficient callus induction method from leaf and stem in kinnow mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco.) and citron (Citrus medica L.)

“…Citrus seeds have a very short life because they are amenable to injured by drying during storage and thus lose their viability (Johnston, 1968). This is why freshly isolated seeds from kinnow and citron were used.…”

The role of sucrose and different cytokinins in the in vitro floral morphogenesis of rose (hybrid tea) cv. “First Prize”

“…Floral formation of Pisum sativum L. was only observed when the sucrose concentration was at 30-60 g ml -1 (Franklin et al, 2000). The important role of sucrose was also demonstrated in many other species such as Passiflora suberosa (Scorza and Janick, 1980), ginseng (Lee et al, 1989), potato (Al-Wareh et al, 1989), Murraya paniculata (Jumin and Nito, 1995), Vigna mungo (Ignacimuthu et al, 1997), Gentiana triflora (Zhang and Leung, 2000), Momordica charantia L. (Wang et al, 2001).…”

“…Basically, sucrose is known to be the carbon source of choice for in vitro flower culture studies (Scorza, 1982;Rastogi and Sawhney, 1986). On the other hand, the effect of the interaction of sucrose and light to promote in vitro flowering has been observed in a number of species such as Passiflora suberosa (Scorza and Janick, 1980), Murraya paniculata (Jumin and Nito, 1995), Fortunella hindsii (Jumin and Nito, 1996).…”

Influence of gibberellin A3 application, pH of the medium, photoperiod and temperature on the enhancement of in vitro flowering in Vitex negundo L.

“…The application of gibberellins (usually GA 3 ) has been shown to promote flowering of many species (Seidlová 1989), though inhibition of flowering has also been noted (Evans 1971;Meilan 1997), especially for woody angiosperms (Looney et al 1985, Pharis andKing 1985). A negative effect of GA 3 on flowering is also evident for one in vitro situation where applied GA 3 was shown to suppress floral bud initiation in Murraya paniculata (Jumin and Nito 1995). Nonetheless, there are several examples in the literature where applied gibberellins have been shown to promote flowering in woody angiosperms.…”