Embryology, anatomy and surgery of the prostate gland

Lowsley, Oswald S.

doi:10.1016/s0002-9610(30)90418-7

Cited by 24 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Initial structural descriptions of the prostate divided the gland into 5 distinct lobes, but this concept later fell out of favor because it did not correlate with normal adult anatomy. 9 In 1954, Franks 10 described the inner and outer gland groups in the normal human prostate and showed that benign enlargement arises from the inner gland. Carcinoma, however, almost invariably begins in the outer gland.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nowadays, ultrasonographic techniques have proved to be highly effective in identifying inner and outer glands of the prostate and also in showing hyperplasia of the prostatic inner gland and compression of the outer gland, which becomes thinned out. 9,14,15 At the same time, biopsies of prostatic inner and outer glands could be performed under TRUS guidance. Moreover, the specimens obtained with 18gauge Tru-Cut-type needles can fit pathologists' needs to make accurate diagnoses.…”

Section: B a C Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlation Between Hypoechoic Nodules on Ultrasonography and Benign Hyperplasia in the Prostatic Outer Gland

Tang

Wang

et al. 2005

Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B a C Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation Between Hypoechoic Nodules on Ultrasonography and Benign Hyperplasia in the Prostatic Outer Gland

Tang

Wang

et al. 2005

Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine

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“…Lowsley (1912Lowsley ( , 1930 used verum montanum and then later contracted it to verumontanum. BNA and ASGBI refer only to crista urethralis, after which both crista urethralis and seminal colliculus appear together as separate subheadings under urethra masculina (JNA) and under subheading pars prostatica as a subdivision of urethra masculina (NA1-6, TA1).…”

Section: Prostatic Urethramentioning

confidence: 99%

Making anatomic terminology of the prostate and contiguous structures clinically useful: Historical review and suggestions for revision in the 21st Century

2009

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Herein we review nomenclature of the prostate and contiguous structures in each of the 10 official publications from the 1895 [Basel] Nomina Anatomica to the 1998 Terminologia Anatomica. We then compare existing clinical terminology with official terminology endorsed by anatomists over the years with a goal to modernize official terminology. Problematic terms, namely, lobes and lobuli, fascia versus capsule, Denonvilliers' fascia, and transition versus periurethral zone, are addressed. The idea of recognizing prostate arteries, veins, nerves, and neurovascular bundles is introduced. Prostatic and membranous urethras and the closely related external urethral sphincter are covered. We believe urogenital hiatus should also be called anterior levator hiatus. Trapezoid zone should be discarded in future editions of nomenclature. Our recommended changes are supported by a series of pertinent photographs of gross and whole mount histologic specimens and magnetic resonance images. Finally, we provide a new table of terms for the prostate with recommended amendments and deletions to existing official nomenclature as contained in the 1998 Terminologia Anatomica.

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“…In the female the meso nephric duct regresses [Lowsley, 1912[Lowsley, , 1930Johnson, 1920;Bulmer, 1957], According to Lowsley [1912] the fetal prostate consists of five distinct subdivisions: an anterior, mid die. posterior and two lateral lobes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Sexual Dimorphism in Human Urogenital Sinus Complex

Kellokumpu-Lehtinen¹

1985

Neonatology

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The histological differentiation of the human fetal prostatic urethra and the corresponding part of human fetal female urethra was studied during the 10th through 14th weeks of ovulation age.The development of all the prostatic glands started as epithelial outgrowths from the urethral wall of the urogenital sinus during the time covered in this study. These outgrowths grew rapidly in number and size, especially the posterior ones, and no outgrowths were seen from the paramesonephric and mesonephric ducts. However, the more columnar epithelial cells on the colliculus seminalis, from which the middle and posterior lobes developed, may be of different embryonic origin, e.g. mesonephric, paramesonephric and urethral, or may react differently to hormonal factors. The possible differences in the origin and in the morphological differentiation of the epithelial cells may give clues to the differences in localization of neoplastic changes in adult prostate. The gland formation was preceded by mesenchymal changes which progressed during acinic morphogenesis. Mesenchymal cells differentiated into fibroblasts forming a lamina propria the primitive acini. The mesenchymal differentiation in the corresponding part of the female urethra was not equally prominent. However, the increase in urethral epithelial cells density and cell size was more prominent in the females. These morphological differences might be regulated by sex steroids and further strengthen the current view of the role of the mesenchyme in the prostatic morphogenesis.

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Embryology, anatomy and surgery of the prostate gland

Cited by 24 publications

References 3 publications

Correlation Between Hypoechoic Nodules on Ultrasonography and Benign Hyperplasia in the Prostatic Outer Gland

Correlation Between Hypoechoic Nodules on Ultrasonography and Benign Hyperplasia in the Prostatic Outer Gland

Making anatomic terminology of the prostate and contiguous structures clinically useful: Historical review and suggestions for revision in the 21st Century

Development of Sexual Dimorphism in Human Urogenital Sinus Complex

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