Emergence of a Canine Distemper Virus Strain with Modified Molecular Signature and Enhanced Neuronal Tropism Associated with High Mortality in Wild Carnivores

Origgi, Francesco C.; Plattet, Philippe; Sattler, Ursula; Robert, Nadia; Casaubon, J.; Pewsner, Mirjam; Wu, Nan-Lin; Mavrot, Fabien; Giovannini, S.; Segner, Helmut; Ryser-Degiorgis, M.-P.

doi:10.1016/j.jcpa.2011.11.021

Cited by 3 publications

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“…Whether this suggests a novel species-jump or simply spillover of the strain circulating temporally and geographically is uncertain. The latter, however, is likely and in line with other reports [ 4 , 10 , 17 , 18 , 22 , 35 , 41 , 43 , 46 , 47 ]. Additionally, the geographical spread between states and from sylvatic to urban areas, as noted in this case, is no novelty and relies on co-existence of susceptible species (domestic, non-domestic, free-ranging or in managed care).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…All these sites have been subject of speculation regarding the CDV’s ability to jump species, particularly to non-canids [ 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ]. However, an ever growing number of authors see no significant difference among residues in multi-host strains or virus-targeted host receptors [ 19 , 26 , 31 , 32 , 33 ], but rather, pleiotropic and temporal, sometimes concurrent, geographical clades seem to be the cause for outbreaks and CDV evolution [ 23 , 33 , 34 , 35 ]. Nonetheless, though H-gene has been largely used for phylogenetic studies, full genome phylogenetic trees are increasingly preferred and have helped identify other genetic sites where recombination may play a significant role in CDV evolution [ 24 , 36 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sylvatic Canine Morbillivirus in Captive Panthera Highlights Viral Promiscuity and the Need for Better Prevention Strategies

et al. 2021

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Canine Distemper Virus (CDV) is a multi-host morbillivirus that infects virtually all Carnivora and a few non-human primates. Here we describe a CDV outbreak in an exotic felid rescue center that led to the death of eight felids in the genus Panthera. Similar to domestic dogs and in contrast to previously described CDV cases in Panthera, severe pneumonia was the primary lesion and no viral antigens or CDV-like lesions were detected in the central nervous system. Four tigers succumbed to opportunistic infections. Viral hemagglutinin (H)-gene sequence was up to 99% similar to strains circulating contemporaneously in regional wildlife. CDV lesions in raccoons and skunk were primarily encephalitis. A few affected felids had at least one previous vaccination for CDV, while most felids at the center were vaccinated during the outbreak. Panthera sharing a fence or enclosure with infected conspecifics had significantly higher chances of getting sick or dying, suggesting tiger-tiger spread was more likely than recurrent spillover. Prior vaccination was incomplete and likely not protective. This outbreak highlights the need for further understanding of CDV epidemiology for species conservation and public health.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sylvatic Canine Morbillivirus in Captive Panthera Highlights Viral Promiscuity and the Need for Better Prevention Strategies

et al. 2021

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“…Canine distemper is a highly contagious and fatal disease of a large number of species, including wild species, domestic dogs, and exotic animals held in zoos and parks worldwide, which is characterized by encephalitis with demyelination, diarrhea and respiratory disorders (Origgi et al, 2012). CDV is a member of genus Morbillivirus within the family Paramyxoviridae, containing a non-segmented singlestranded negative-sense RNA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and efficacy evaluation of remodeled canine parvovirus-like particles displaying major antigenic epitopes of a giant panda derived canine distemper virus

et al. 2023

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Canine parvovirus (CPV) and Canine distemper virus (CDV) can cause fatal diseases in giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca). The main capsid protein of CPV VP2 can be self-assembled to form virus-like particles (VLPs) in vitro, which is of great significance for potential vaccine development. In the present study, we remodeled the VP2 protein of a giant panda-derived CPV, where the major CDV F and N epitopes were incorporated in the N-terminal and loop2 region in two combinations to form chimeric VLPs. The reactivity ability and morphology of the recombinant proteins were confirmed by Western blot, hemagglutination (HA) test and electron microscopy. Subsequently, the immunogenicity of the VLPs was examined in vivo. Antigen-specific antibodies and neutralizing activity were measured by ELISA, hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test and serum neutralization test (SNT), respectively. In addition, antigen specific T cell activation were determined in splenic lymphocytes. The results indicated that the VLPs displayed good reaction with CDV/CPV antibodies, and the heterologous epitopes do not hamper solubility or activity. The VLPs showed decent HA activity, and resembled round-shaped particles with a diameter of 22–26 nm, which is identical to natural virions. VLPs could induce high levels of specific antibodies to CPV and CDV, shown by the indication of neutralizing antibodies in both VP2N and VP2L VLPs group. In addition, splenic lymphocytes of mice immunized with VLPs could proliferate rapidly after stimulation by specific antigen. Taken together, the CPV VP2 VLPs or chimeric VLPs are highly immunogenic, and henceforth could function as CPV/CDV vaccine candidates for giant pandas.

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Which Parasites Should We be Most Concerned About in Wildlife Translocations?

2016

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Emergence of a Canine Distemper Virus Strain with Modified Molecular Signature and Enhanced Neuronal Tropism Associated with High Mortality in Wild Carnivores

Cited by 3 publications

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Sylvatic Canine Morbillivirus in Captive Panthera Highlights Viral Promiscuity and the Need for Better Prevention Strategies

Sylvatic Canine Morbillivirus in Captive Panthera Highlights Viral Promiscuity and the Need for Better Prevention Strategies

Development and efficacy evaluation of remodeled canine parvovirus-like particles displaying major antigenic epitopes of a giant panda derived canine distemper virus

Which Parasites Should We be Most Concerned About in Wildlife Translocations?

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