Emergence of New Delhi Metallo-β-Lactamase (NDM) Genes Detected from Clinical Strains of Escherichia coli Isolated in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

Abstract

The emergence and spread of carbapenem resistance in Gram-negative bacilli such as Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa through the production of carbapenemases is a global phenomenon. It threatens patient care and leads to therapeutic impasses. This study aims to genotypically determine the prevalence of the most frequent carbapenemase genes among multidrug-resistant E. coli strains isolated from patients at a biomedical analysis laboratory. A total of fifty-three unduplicated E. coli strains isolated from patient samples with a multidrug-resistant (MDR) profile were subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing for carbapenem resistance genes. This study allowed us to identify fifteen strains carrying resistance genes among the fifty-three E. coli strains. All fifteen strains produced the metallo-β-lactamase enzymes; this represents a rate of 28.30% of study strains. Among these strains, ten carried the NDM resistance gene, NDM and VIM genes were detected in three strains and VIM was identified in two strains of E. coli. However, carbapenemases A (KPC and IMI), D (OXA-48), and IMP were not detected in the strains studied. Thus, NDM and VIM are the main carbapenemases detected in the strains in our study.

Multi-resistance to carbapenems by the production of Imipenemase (IMP)-types carbapenemases in Gram-negative bacilli in Burkina Faso

“…Thus, eventual presence of GES-2 variant, exhibiting an increased hydrolysis of carbapenems (Poirel et al, 2001), in our bacterial strains, might justified carbapenem resistance of IMP gene-negative isolates. Interestingly, the encoding-carbapenemase genes, such as blaNDM, blaVIM and bla KPC were found in GNB clinical isolates as previously reported in other studies in this country (Dembele et al, 2021;Kabore et al, 2023;Ouattara et al, 2023;Bambara et al, 2023). These carbapenem resistance genes not researched in this study could also explained the finding.…”

“…In this study, carbapenem resistance profile was carried out by an automated method (Hu et al, 2019) which improve resistance detection. Whereas, in this study phenotypic detection of carbapenem-resistant strains has been performed using manual disk diffusion method (EUCAST/CASFM, 2022), by which it is difficult to demonstrate carbapenem resistance (Kabore et al, 2023). All bacterial isolates resistant to carbapenem and/or to aztreonam therefore suspicious of carbapenemase production were screening by molecular approaches to detect IMP gene.…”

“…In Burkina Faso, most of the studies were much focused on ESBLproducing Enterobacteriaceae which occurs resistant to beta-lactam (Metuor Dabire et al, 2013;Metuor et al, 2019a;Metuor Dabire et al, 2019b;Tiemtore et al, 2022) at the expense of carbapenemases, mainly MBL despite the threat they represent for heath care. Nevertheless, previous studies (Sanou et al, 2020;Dembele et al, 2021;Kabore et al, 2022Kabore et al, , 2023 have reported resistance to carbapenems in GNB by the production of carbapenemases. Although, blaIMP-2 gene was detected in E. coli clinical isolate from rural settings by Dembele et al (2021); no other study, to the researchers knowledge, have reported IMP-type carbapenemase gene in urban settings, especially in hospital settings.…”

Isolation and Characterization of Environmental Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae from Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

“…ESBL genes that are often located on plasmids are particularly concerned by this phenomenon that favours their dissemination [ 26 ]. Several studies reported ESBL Enterobacterales in Burkina Faso from clinical samples [ 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ] and in wastewater and salads [ 31 ]. In this study, we analysed ESBL-producing E. coli (ESBL- Ec ) and K. pneumoniae (ESBL- Kp ) from environmental samples from Ouagadougou, capital city of Burkina Faso.…”

Phenotypic Detection of Carbapenemase and AmpC-β-Lactamase Production among Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL)-Producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. Isolated from Clinical Specimens

“…One study conducted in a referral teaching hospital identified 17 carbapenemase-producing strains, 4 in clinical samples and 13 in fecal carriage isolates from 443 Gram-negative bacteria [19]. Another study reported NDM genes in clinical E. coli isolates [22]. Recent studies in the country have discovered that carbapenemase-producing bacteria or their related genes are prevalent in the hospital waste water, implying their likely presence in clinical samples as well [23,24].…”