Emergency Department–Based Brief Intervention to Reduce Risky Driving and Hazardous/Harmful Drinking in Young Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Sommers, Marilyn S.; Lyons, Michael S.; Fargo, Jamison D.; Sommers, Benjamin D.; McDonald, Catherine C.; Shope, Jean T.; Fleming, Michael F.

doi:10.1111/acer.12142

Cited by 57 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Standardized role-play actors (SRAs) are extensively used to act as standardized patients in the field of medical education (Issenberg et al 2005; Sommers et al 2013) and are used to improve clinicians’ clinical and communication skills (Barrows 1993; Cohen et al 1996). SRAs were recruited from the Clinical Education Center at [Blinded University] to act as HR representatives during the role-plays.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virtual Reality Job Interview Training in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Smith

Ginger

Wright

et al. 2014

J Autism Dev Disord

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321

242

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The feasibility and efficacy of Virtual Reality Job Interview Training (VR-JIT) was assessed in a single-blinded randomized controlled trial. Adults with autism spectrum disorder were randomized to VR-JIT (n=16) or treatment as usual (TAU) (n=10) groups. VR-JIT consisted of simulated job interviews with a virtual character and didactic training. Participants attended 90% of lab-based training sessions and found VR-JIT easy-to-use, enjoyable, and they felt prepared for future interviews. VR-JIT participants had greater improvement during live standardized job interview role-play performances than TAU participants (p=0.046). A similar pattern was observed for self-reported self-confidence at a trend level (p=0.060). VR-JIT simulation performance scores increased over time (R-Squared=0.83). Results indicate preliminary support for the feasibility and efficacy of VR-JIT, which can be administered using computer software or via the internet.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virtual Reality Job Interview Training in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Smith

Ginger

Wright

et al. 2014

J Autism Dev Disord

Self Cite

321

242

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show abstract

“…We reported the primary results of the intervention elsewhere. 25 For this secondary analysis, we used data from the baseline assessment of the brief intervention and contact-control groups to assess the relationship between conduct behaviour problems before age 15 years, conduct behaviour problems after age 15 years, depressive symptoms, sleep, problem drinking and risky driving behaviours (drinking and driving, hostile, and reckless). Participants in the no-contact control group were not interviewed at baseline and, therefore, did not provide data for this analysis.…”

Section: Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using data from a randomised controlled trial (RCT) of an intervention to reduce risky driving and problem drinking, 25 the purpose of this secondary analysis was to examine relationships between multiple health-compromising behaviours and mental health factors with risky driving behaviours in late adolescents (ages 18-24 years) and adults (ages 25-44 years), including conduct behaviour problems before and after age 15 years, depressive symptoms, sleep, and problem drinking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risky driving, mental health, and health-compromising behaviours: risk clustering in late adolescents and adults

2014

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Background Health-compromising behaviors in adolescents and adults co-occur. Because motor vehicle crashes are the leading cause of death and disability for these age groups, understanding the association between risky driving and other health compromising behaviors is critical. Methods We performed a secondary analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial of an intervention for participants who screened positive for risky driving and problem drinking. Using baseline data, we examined relationships among conduct behavior problems before and after age 15, depressive symptoms, sleep, problem drinking, and risky driving (hostile, reckless and drinking and driving) in late adolescents ages 18–24 (n= 110) and adults ages 25–44 (n= 202). We developed a measurement model for the entire sample using confirmatory factor analysis, which was then specified as a multi-group structural equation model. Results Late adolescents and adults had some similar associations for pathways through problem drinking to drinking and driving; depression to reckless driving; and conduct behavior problems after 15 to hostile driving. Late adolescents, however, had more complex relationships: depressive symptoms and conduct behavior problems before 15 were associated with more risky driving behaviors through multiple pathways and males reported more risky driving. Conclusions Risky driving is associated with other health-compromising behaviors and mental health factors. It is a multidimensional phenomenon more pronounced in late adolescence than adulthood. In order to promote safe driving, the findings support the need to consider behaviors that are a health threat in the late adolescent population during driving training and licensure.

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“…In a multi-hospital study across several states, it was found that 45% of adult ED patients were risky alcohol users (Sanjuan, et al 2014); this suggests that the ED may be a prime environment to identify and begin intervening with patients with a spectrum of alcohol use disorders (Brown et al 2012; Field et al 2010; Sommers et al 2013). Studies have investigated the feasibility and efficacy of using behavioral interventions in the ED setting to change drinking and driving behaviors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining motor vehicle crash involvement and readiness to change on drinking and driving behaviors among injured emergency department patients

Baird

Yang

Strezsak

et al. 2017

Traffic Injury Prevention

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Objective: To measure the effect of motor vehicle crash (MVC) involvement and readiness to change drinking and driving behaviors on subsequent driving and drinking behaviors among injured emergency department (ED) patients who use alcohol at harmful levels. Methods: A secondary analyses of a randomized controlled trial of injured ED patients who screened positive for harmful alcohol use, who at recruitment reported driving in the past 12 months and received at least one of the intended intervention sessions (brief behavioral intervention versus attention placebo control [N = 407]). Outcome variables were: 1) change in six impaired driving behaviors, 2) report of MVCs and traffic violations in the 12 months following recruitment; predictor variables were: 1) treatment assignment, 2) MVC involvement at recruitment, and 3) baseline readiness to change alcohol use and drinking and driving. Results: Modeling of change in the six impaired driving variables indicated that neither the recruitment visits being MVC-related, nor baseline readiness to change alcohol use and drinking and driving behaviors, predicted greater changes in impaired driving over time. Baseline reports of past moving traffic violations and the ED visit being MVC related predicted a greater likelihood of each behavior at 12 months following study recruitment. Conclusions: This study and others have demonstrated that ED patients with harmful alcohol use are willing to engage in behavioral interventions directed at changing risky behaviors. However, this study did not demonstrate that patients considered having the potential to be more engaged with the intervention, because their ED visit was MVC-related and/or they had expressed intent to change their risky alcohol use and drinking and driving behaviors, were more likely to change these risky behaviors.

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Emergency Department–Based Brief Intervention to Reduce Risky Driving and Hazardous/Harmful Drinking in Young Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Cited by 57 publications

References 50 publications

Virtual Reality Job Interview Training in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Virtual Reality Job Interview Training in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Risky driving, mental health, and health-compromising behaviours: risk clustering in late adolescents and adults

Examining motor vehicle crash involvement and readiness to change on drinking and driving behaviors among injured emergency department patients

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