Emergency Drinking Water Treatment during Source Water Pollution Accidents in China: Origin Analysis, Framework and Technologies

Abstract

China has suffered frequent source water contamination accidents in the past decade, which has resulted in severe consequences to the water supply of millions of residents. The origins of typical cases of contamination are discussed in this paper as well as the emergency response to these accidents. In general, excessive pursuit of rapid industrialization and the unreasonable location of factories are responsible for the increasing frequency of accidental pollution events. Moreover, insufficient attention to environmental protection and rudimentary emergency response capability has exacerbated the consequences of such accidents. These environmental accidents triggered or accelerated the promulgation of stricter environmental protection policy and the shift from economic development mode to a more sustainable direction, which should be regarded as the turning point of environmental protection in China. To guarantee water security, China is trying to establish a rapid and effective emergency response framework, build up the capability of early accident detection, and develop efficient technologies to remove contaminants from water.

Fabrication of Hierarchically Porous Reduced Graphene Oxide/SnIn4S8 Composites by a Low-Temperature Co-Precipitation Strategy and Their Excellent Visible-Light Photocatalytic Mineralization Performance

“…Water pollution has attracted public attention due to the environmental and health risks [1][2][3][4][5]. Dye contamination has become a major factor that contributes to water quality deterioration, and poses a potential hazard to living organisms due to the toxic, carcinogenic and mutagenic properties of dyes and their by-products [6][7][8][9][10].…”

Water quality trend and change-point analyses using integration of locally weighted polynomial regression and segmented regression

“…As a result, the protection and environmental remediation of drinking water sources have received considerable attention in research (Basu et al 2014), since drinking water quality is closely related to human health (Corlin et al 2016). In general, these research efforts include environmental policy and legislation planning (Syme and Nancarrow 2013;Xu et al 2016), water quality standard development (Goncharuk 2013), and health risk assessment (Chiang et al 2010;Houtman et al 2014;Sun et al 2015), water quality monitoring and modeling (Tropea et al 2007;Sokolova et al 2013;Chen et al 2015), and protection and remediation technology (Zhang et al 2011;Basu et al 2014). An important aspect of water quality modeling for drinking water source protection is identifying changes in water quality trends and specific change-point timing, which are important information for environmental protection performance evaluation and (Bodo 1989;Chowdhury and AlZahrani 2014).…”

Spatial-Temporal Hotspot Pattern Analysis of Provincial Environmental Pollution Incidents and Related Regional Sustainable Management in China in the Period 1995–2012

“…In these studies, first, some researchers adopted mathematical and statistical analysis methods based on historical data to explore the time series evolution characteristics of environmental pollution incidents [5,7,10], and a historical incident database was proposed for long-term risk identification and control [11]. Second, due to the sudden, uncertain and dangerous characteristics of environmental pollution incidents, many scholars focused on the study of risk assessment [12][13][14][15], loss estimation [16,17], simulation [18] and emergency response, and decision-making [19][20][21][22][23] of pollution incidents. There is no doubt that these studies provide a basis for early warning of regional pollution incidents.…”