Emergency medical services in Singapore

A Quantile Regression Analysis of Ambulance Response Time

“…2,4,6 Considerable efforts have been directed at reducing ART to provide timely treatment and improve the overall quality of prehospital emergency medical services (EMS). 2,[5][6][7][8][9] In most advanced countries, emergency medicine units have an ART criterion of responding to medical emergencies within 8 minutes or less, particularly for seriously ill patients 2,4,10 and patients in cardiac arrest. 6 The National Association of EMS Physicians in the United States recommends conducting further research on the specific process components of EMS delivery, such as interview questions, dispatch prioritization tools, prehospital arrival protocols, and safety advisories.…”

The Pre-Hospital and Healthcare System in Malang, Indonesia

“…The two emergency care education programs were implemented by the Brawijaya University, one of the largest universities in Malang, in conjunction with the Saiful Anwar Hospital. The programs were established with assistance from the Singapore International Foundation which provided voluntary emergency doctors and nurses to improve the emergency care in Malang (39), including the setting up of an EMS system in Malang (40). The assistance program initially focused on traumatology, which was an 8 year assistance program starting in 1996 and ceasing in 2004.…”