Emergent Causes of Placentitis and Abortion

Donahue, James M.; Williams, Neil M.

doi:10.1016/s0749-0739(17)30088-3

Cited by 80 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Studies conducted in different parts of the world have reported a prevalence of Leptospira in horses ranging from 12.8% to 79% (Park et al 1992, Barwick et al 1998, Rocha et al 2004, Odontsetseg et al 2005, Jung et al 2010, Houwers et al 2011. Within the same region or countries, variations of the prevalence have been also reported like in Brazil (Coiro et al 2012, de Oliveira Filho et al 2014, USA (Sillerud et al 1987, Donahue et al 1995, Barwick et al 1998, Donahue and Williams. 2000 and Australia (Swart et al 1982, Dickeson and Love.…”

Section: Apparent Prevalence Of Leptospira Serovars In Three Provincesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…North and South America (Sillerud et al 1987); (Frazer. 1999); (Faber et al 2000); (Donahue and Williams. 2000) Grippotyphosa, Icterohaemorrhagiae Europe (Donahue et al 1995); (Dwyer et al 1995); (Wollanke et al 2001) Bratislava, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Sejroe Sweden (Baverud et al 2009) Bratislava Mongolia (Odontsetseg et al 2005) Icterohaemorrhagiae, Copenhageni, Bratislava Brazil (Hashimoto et al 2007); (Braga et al 2011); (Coiro et al 2012); (Hamond et al 2012); (Pinna et al 2012); (Hamond et al 2013); (Pinna et al 2014) Icterohaemorrhagiae, Bratislava, Pomona Italy (Ebani et al 2012) Sejroe, Bratislava Korea (Jung et al 2010) Copenhageni, Bratislava Netherlands (Houwers et al 2011) Bratislava, Pomona Icterohaemorrhagiae Croatia Grippotyphosa, Sejroe Nothern Poland (Arent and KedzierskaMieszkowska.…”

Section: Common Serovars Affecting Horses and Their Geographical Locamentioning

confidence: 99%

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A study of leptospirosis in South African horses and associated risk factors

Simbizi

Saulez²,

Potts

et al. 2016

Preventive Veterinary Medicine

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between potential risk factors and both seropositive horses to the predominant serovar Bratislava and to Leptospira spp were statistically evaluated using univariable analysis and multivariable logistic regression models.Adult horses admitted to each equine hospital and horses seen on ambulatory service for various purposes were included in the study. Severely-ill, chronically infected, and horses with underlying immunosuppressive conditions were excluded from sampling, to control for potential bias.A total of 663 horse sera were collected and tested against a panel of 24 leptospiral serovars using the microscopic agglutination test. The most predominant serovars in Gauteng were The apparent prevalence to one or more serovars of Leptospira spp at a serum dilution of 1:100 in Gauteng, KwaZulu-Natal and Western Cape Provinces was 49%; 37% and 32% respectively. The true prevalence was calculated for each province taking into account the clustering effect during the sampling and was found to be between 24-74% in Gauteng; 26-39% in the Western Cape and 20-54% in KwaZulu-Natal.iv Nooitgedacht (South African horse breed) horses were found to be at greater risk of being seropositive to both serovar Bratislava (OR=5.08) and Leptospira spp (OR=6.3). Similarly, horses residing on properties with forestry in the vicinity were found to be at greater risk of being seropositive to both serovar Bratislava (OR=9.3) and Leptospira spp (OR=5.2). This study has shown that a high proportion of horses in South Africa are exposed to a wide range of serovars, inferring a complex epidemiology. It also describes for the first time new serovars of Leptospira in South African horses that have not previously been reported.v

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Section: Apparent Prevalence Of Leptospira Serovars In Three Provincesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Common Serovars Affecting Horses and Their Geographical Locamentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of leptospirosis in South African horses and associated risk factors

Simbizi

Saulez²,

Potts

et al. 2016

Preventive Veterinary Medicine

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“…Nevertheless, placental thickening and partial separation of the allantochorion from the endometrium may be observed by the use of transabdominal ultrasonography in mares with placentitis originating from hematogenous infection (see Figure 5). In addition, a pocket of hyperechoic fluid can be seen at the base of the lowest area of the uterus in mares with the Nocardia form of placentitis [17,18].…”

Section: Transabdominal Ultrasonographymentioning

confidence: 99%

High risk pregnant mare

Troedsson

2007

Acta Vet Scand

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“…Leptospirosis is also an important disease of horses, causing abortions and uveitis (18)(19)(20). The diagnosis of leptospirosis by MAT, bacterial culture, PCR, realtime PCR, and/or histopathological examination has been reported previously (21).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serodiagnosis of Equine Leptospirosis by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Using Four Recombinant Protein Markers

Yan

McDonough

et al. 2014

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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Leptospirosis, caused by Leptospira spp., is one of the most common zoonotic diseases in the world. We tested four recombinant proteins of Leptospira interrogans, namely, rLipL21, rLoa22, rLipL32, and rLigACon4-8, to evaluate their potential for use as antigens for the diagnosis of equine leptospirosis. We employed equine sera (n ‫؍‬ 130) that were microscopic agglutination test (MAT) negative and sera (n ‫؍‬ 176) that were MAT positive for the 5 serovars that most commonly cause equine leptospirosis. The sensitivity and specificity of ELISA compared to MAT were 82.39% and 86.15%, respectively, for LigACon4-8, 77.84% and 92.31%, respectively, for Loa22, 77.84% and 86.15%, respectively, for LipL32, and 84.66% and 83.85%, respectively, for LipL21. When one of the two antigens was test positive, the sensitivity and specificity of ELISA were 93.75% and 78.46%, respectively, for rLigACon4-8 and LipL32, 93.18% and 76.15%, respectively, for rLigACon4-8 and LipL21, 89.77% and 80.77%, respectively, for rLigACon4-8 and Loa22, 91.48% and 78.46%, respectively, for LipL21 and Loa22, 93.75% and 76.92%, respectively, for LipL21 and LipL32, and 90.34% and 80.77%, respectively, for Loa22 and LipL32. In conclusion, we have developed an indirect ELISA utilizing rLigACon4-8, rLoa22, rLipL32, and rLipL21 as diagnostic antigens for equine leptospirosis. The use of four antigens in the ELISA was found to be sensitive and specific, the assay was easy to perform, and the results concurred with the results of the standard Leptospira MAT.

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Emergent Causes of Placentitis and Abortion

Cited by 80 publications

References 37 publications

A study of leptospirosis in South African horses and associated risk factors

A study of leptospirosis in South African horses and associated risk factors

High risk pregnant mare

Serodiagnosis of Equine Leptospirosis by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Using Four Recombinant Protein Markers

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