Emerging adjuvants for intradermal vaccination

Chen, Xinyuan

doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122559

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 122 publications

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“…The ID route was chosen to deliver rNP in the presence of CpG 1018 due to its promise to induce more potent immune responses than the IM route and the good safety of CpG adjuvant for ID delivery [ 25 , 26 ]. In contrast, AddaVax adjuvant has a high risk to induce significant local reactions following ID delivery [ 27 ]. As of such, the IM route was chosen to deliver rNP in the presence of AddaVax adjuvant.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CpG 1018 Is an Effective Adjuvant for Influenza Nucleoprotein

Chen

2023

Vaccines

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Current influenza vaccines mainly induce neutralizing antibodies against the highly variable surface antigen hemagglutinin and require annual manufacturing and immunization. Different from surface antigens, intracellular nucleoprotein (NP) is highly conserved and has been an attractive target to develop universal T cell vaccines against influenza. Yet, influenza NP protein mainly induces humoral immune responses and lacks the ability to induce potent cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses, key for the success of universal T cell vaccines. This study compared CpG 1018 and AddaVax to enhance recombinant NP-induced CTL responses and protection in murine models. CpG 1018 was explored to boost intradermal NP immunization, while AddaVax was explored to boost intramuscular NP immunization due to the high risk of AddaVax adjuvant to induce significant local reactions following intradermal delivery. We found CpG 1018 was highly effective to enhance NP-induced humoral and cellular immune responses superior to AddaVax adjuvant. Furthermore, CpG 1018 potentiated Th1-biased antibody responses, while AddaVax enhanced Th1/Th2-balanced antibody responses. CpG 1018 significantly enhanced IFNγ-secreting Th1 cells, while AddaVax adjuvant significantly increased IL4-secreting Th2 cells. Influenza NP immunization in the presence of CpG 1018 induced significant protection against lethal viral challenges, while influenza NP immunization in the presence of AddaVax failed to elicit significant protection. Our data validated CpG 1018 as an effective adjuvant to enhance influenza NP-induced CTL responses and protection.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CpG 1018 Is an Effective Adjuvant for Influenza Nucleoprotein

Chen

2023

Vaccines

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“…The reported incidence rates of local AEFIs were higher than those reported in the vaccine datasheet [ 15 ] and, also, for other vaccines [ 17 , 18 , 19 ]. However, the intradermal administration could have an impact on increasing the local AEFIs frequencies if compared to the intramuscular or subcutaneous routes [ 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety of Monkeypox Vaccine Using Active Surveillance, Two-Center Observational Study in Italy

et al. 2023

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In August 2022, Italy launched a vaccination campaign to combat the spread of the monkeypox virus, which the WHO has designated as a public health emergency. Priority targets for the campaign included laboratory personnel and men who have sex with men with specific risk criteria. Primary immunization involved two doses of the Imvanex/Jynneos vaccine, followed by a single booster dose. We conducted a study in two Italian towns, Bologna and Forlì, in October and November 2022 to investigate adverse events following immunization (AEFIs) of the monkeypox vaccine through participant-based active surveillance. Participants who received the vaccine and were aged 18 and over were invited to complete an e-questionnaire by scanning a QR code during their second vaccine appointment or by email one month after the booster dose. A descriptive analysis of AEFI incidences was conducted, with the results stratified by type and severity of symptoms. A total of 135 first-dose, 50 second-dose, and 6 single-dose recipients were included, with a mean age of 36.4 ± 8.7 years. Systemic reactions after the first and second doses were reported by 39.3% and 26.0% of participants, respectively, with asthenia being the most common symptom. Local site reactions were reported by 97.0% and 100.0% of participants, respectively, with redness, swelling, and itching being the most common local AEFIs. Grade 3 or 4 AEFIs were reported for local AEFIs only by 16.8% and 14.0% of participants after the first and second doses, respectively. Our findings suggest that the monkeypox vaccine has a high tolerability profile in terms of short-term common systemic AEFIs. However, the high incidence and severity of local AEFIs highlight the need to monitor their persistence following intradermal administration of the vaccine.

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“…Thus, intradermal vaccination will enable the antigen in the vaccine to be more efficiently recognized by the immune system, inducing a more rapid immune response. Intradermal administration studies of vaccines for several animal and human diseases have shown that the efficacy of intradermal vaccination is better than that by intramuscular means [191][192][193][194][195]. Recently, Choe et al intradermally vaccinated pregnant sows with a killed PED vaccine and showed that the intradermal vaccination could provide piglets with 70% mortality protection against virulent PEDV [196].…”

Section: Future Perspectives In Ped Vaccine Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing Next-Generation Live Attenuated Vaccines for Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Using Reverse Genetic Techniques

Yu,

Dong,

Chen

et al. 2024

Vaccines

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Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is the etiology of porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED), a highly contagious digestive disease in pigs and especially in neonatal piglets, in which a mortality rate of up to 100% will be induced. Immunizing pregnant sows remains the most promising and effective strategy for protecting their neonatal offspring from PEDV. Although half a century has passed since its first report in Europe and several prophylactic vaccines (inactivated or live attenuated) have been developed, PED still poses a significant economic concern to the swine industry worldwide. Hence, there is an urgent need for novel vaccines in clinical practice, especially live attenuated vaccines (LAVs) that can induce a strong protective lactogenic immune response in pregnant sows. Reverse genetic techniques provide a robust tool for virological research from the function of viral proteins to the generation of rationally designed vaccines. In this review, after systematically summarizing the research progress on virulence-related viral proteins, we reviewed reverse genetics techniques for PEDV and their application in the development of PED LAVs. Then, we probed into the potential methods for generating safe, effective, and genetically stable PED LAV candidates, aiming to provide new ideas for the rational design of PED LAVs.

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Emerging adjuvants for intradermal vaccination

Cited by 18 publications

References 122 publications

CpG 1018 Is an Effective Adjuvant for Influenza Nucleoprotein

CpG 1018 Is an Effective Adjuvant for Influenza Nucleoprotein

Safety of Monkeypox Vaccine Using Active Surveillance, Two-Center Observational Study in Italy

Developing Next-Generation Live Attenuated Vaccines for Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Using Reverse Genetic Techniques

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