Emerging Diagnostic and Therapeutic Potentials of Human Hair Proteomics

Adeola, Henry Ademola; Wyk, Jennifer C. Van; Arowolo, Afolake; Ngwanya, Reginald M; Mkentane, Kwezikazi; Khumalo, Nonhlanhla P.

doi:10.1002/prca.201700048

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 162 publications

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“…In 2018, a review regarding human hair proteomics in terms of its diagnostic ability and therapeutic potentials was published and critically discussed about identification of possible biomarkers of diseases utilizing hair as a substrate [52]. They suggested that further investigations were needed to establish "a disease-specific human hair proteome database".…”

Section: Intoxication and Abuse Of Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Omics era in forensic medicine: towards a new age

Akçan¹,

Taştekin²,

Yıldırım³

et al. 2020

Turk J Med Sci

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Introduction The topic "forensic medicine and sciences" is a subdivision of science which is described as the practice of medical/ paramedical scientific knowledge to establish facts in civil and criminal law [1]. Forensic medicine has a multidisciplinary structure in collaboration with other areas such as forensic chemistry, toxicology, biology, psychiatry, and genetics, etc. Since forensic sciences share a common scientific methodology with other science disciplines it is open to collaborate or benefit from novel technologies appeared in any scientific discipline. Therefore, omics emerges as a revolutionary step in forensic sciences and sure carries it towards a new age. The publications regarding omics in various disciplines have become a rising scientific trend worldwide, during the last decade. Furthermore, the number of forensic studies utilizing the methodology of omics has enormously increased in last years. In order to draw attention of forensic and medical professionals, and encourage new studies; the roles and benefits of omics in forensic medicine and sciences are discussed in this review. 2. Omics Omics is a novel multidisciplinary field of various scientific methodologies. Omics defines the collective technologies that measure some characteristics (roles, relationships, and actions) of certain molecules like metabolites, proteins and genes, ending in-omics, as in metabolomics, proteomics, genomics, etc. In past years, omics technologies were applied to diverse fields, because of the ability to assess little changes in a large-scale data with exhaustive metabolite evaluation [2]. With the development of technology, omics-based strategies become cheaper, faster, and very informative, and offer potent alternatives to conventional technics. Furthermore, sample selection has a key role to success in target study. Various human samples can be used for analysis such as blood [3,4], urine [5], hair [6,7], nail [8-10], faeces[11,12], aqueous humour [13] etc. The interactions of omics with each other have been shown in Figure. 2.1. Metabolomics 2.1.1. Definition of metabolomics Metabolomics comprises the studies that are focused on assessment of metabolites and related markers of an Background/aim: Forensic medicine and sciences is a multidisciplinary branch of science, which frequently benefit from novel technologies. State of the art omics technologies have begun to be performed in forensic medicine and sciences, particularly in postmortem interval, intoxication, drugs of abuse, diagnosis of diseases and cause of death. This review aims to discuss the role and use of great omics (metabolomics, proteomics, genomics and transcriptomics) in forensic sciences, in detail. Materials and methods: A detailed review of related literature was performed, and studies were subdivided as per the type of omics. Results and conclusion: Omics seems as a revolutionary step in forensic science and sure carries it towards a new age. The number of forensic studies utilizing omics steadily increases in last years. Omics strategi...

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Section: Intoxication and Abuse Of Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Omics era in forensic medicine: towards a new age

Akçan¹,

Taştekin²,

Yıldırım³

et al. 2020

Turk J Med Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Currently, forensic proteomics is in the early stages of development. An increasing number of studies have used proteomics in forensics, such as identification of tissue and body fluid [12][13][14], identification and quantification of protein toxins [15,16], human individualization [17,18], detection of protein drugs and hormones in sports [19,20], and discrimination of wild strains and laboratory-adapted strains of bacteria [21,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomics in Forensic Analysis: Applications for Human Samples

et al. 2021

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Proteomics, the large-scale study of all proteins of an organism or system, is a powerful tool for studying biological systems. It can provide a holistic view of the physiological and biochemical states of given samples through identification and quantification of large numbers of peptides and proteins. In forensic science, proteomics can be used as a confirmatory and orthogonal technique for well-built genomic analyses. Proteomics is highly valuable in cases where nucleic acids are absent or degraded, such as hair and bone samples. It can be used to identify body fluids, ethnic group, gender, individual, and estimate post-mortem interval using bone, muscle, and decomposition fluid samples. Compared to genomic analysis, proteomics can provide a better global picture of a sample. It has been used in forensic science for a wide range of sample types and applications. In this review, we briefly introduce proteomic methods, including sample preparation techniques, data acquisition using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and data analysis using database search, spectral library search, and de novo sequencing. We also summarize recent applications in the past decade of proteomics in forensic science with a special focus on human samples, including hair, bone, body fluids, fingernail, muscle, brain, and fingermark, and address the challenges, considerations, and future developments of forensic proteomics.

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“…Hair contains 65-85% proteins, 15-35% water, 1-9% lipids, and 0.1-5% pigments like melanin and trace elements (11). Constantly growing scalp hair incorporates both endogenous and exogenous proteins in a time-averaged chronological manner (12), unlike any other biospecimens (13). Therefore it is used for monitoring drug exposures, heavy metals, or other environmental toxins (14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteins observed in scalp hair from preschool children

Singhal

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Early childhood experiences have long-lasting effects on subsequent mental and physical health, education, and employment. Measurement of these effects relies on insensitive behavioral signs, subjective assessments by adult observers, neuroimaging and neurophysiological studies, or remote epidemiologic outcomes. Despite intensive search, no biomarkers for developmental changes in the brain have been identified. We analyzed scalp hair from healthy children and their mothers using an unbiased proteomics platform to reveal 1368 hair proteins commonly observed in children, 1438 proteins commonly observed in mothers, and 1288 proteins observed sporadically in individual subjects. Mothers showed higher numbers of peptide spectral matches and hair proteins compared to children, with important age-related differences between mothers and children. Age-related differences were also observed in children, with differential protein expression patterns between younger (2 years and below) and older children (3-5 years). Boolean analyses showed greater conservation of hair protein patterns between mothers and their biological children as compared to mothers and unrelated children. The top 5% proteins driving population variability represent biological pathways associated with brain development, immune signaling, and stress response regulation. Non-structural proteins observed in scalp hair may include promising biomarkers to investigate the developmental changes associated with early childhood experiences.One Sentence SummaryThe non-structural proteins observed in scalp hair from preschool children show evidence for heritability, reflect biological functions such as brain development, or immune function and regulation of stress responses, and exhibit age- and sex-related differences across periods of early childhood development.

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Emerging Diagnostic and Therapeutic Potentials of Human Hair Proteomics

Cited by 15 publications

References 162 publications

Omics era in forensic medicine: towards a new age

Omics era in forensic medicine: towards a new age

Proteomics in Forensic Analysis: Applications for Human Samples

Proteins observed in scalp hair from preschool children

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