“…Metadata are proxies of firms' products, services, technologies and, more generally, refer to the know‐how, capabilities and knowledge on which firms build their own specializations. Such information, bottom‐up (generated by companies' owners and employees, and other contributors) and up‐to‐date, is at a very detailed level and much more informative than SIC codes, as showed by the relevant and recent literature (Marra et al, ; Marra, Antonelli, & Pozzi, ; Nathan & Rosso, ; Nathan, Rosso, & Bouet, ; Papagiannidis, See‐To, Assimakopoulos, & Yang, ; Tech City, ; Tech City, ).…”