Emerging issues and parasite zoonoses in the SE Asian and Australasian region

Thompson, R.C.A.; Conlan, James V.

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.04.025

Cited by 24 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Data indicate that the level of parasitism in these "exotic" animals is higher than that observed in other studies performed in other insular areas (THOMPSON & CONLAN, 2011). For instance, a prevalence of 53.5% (15/28) and 76% (76/100) were documented in feral cats from Christmas (Australia) and Baleares (Spain) islands (ADAMS et al, 2008;RAAB et al, 2016), whereas a positivity of 46.2% (30/65) was reported in rodents from the Santa Catarina island (Brazil) (KUHNEN et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 68%

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Gastrointestinal parasites in feral cats and rodents from the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, Brazil

Lima

Ramos

Lepold

et al. 2017

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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Gastrointestinal parasites are important pathogens affecting animals, some of them are of medical and veterinary concern. Although the dynamic of parasitic infections is a complex phenomenon that has been studied under experimental conditions, it shows several gaps in knowledge, especially in insular regions where a confined population of animals and parasites co-exists. In this study was assessed the parasitism by endoparasite gastrointestinal in feral cats (n = 37) and rodents (n = 30) from the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago; in addition, the risk of human infection and ecological implications of these findings were discussed. Out of all samples analysed, 100% scored positive for the presence of gastrointestinal parasites in both feral cats and rodents. A total 17 genera and/or species of endoparasite gastrointestinal were identified, Ancylostoma sp., Strongyloides sp., Trichuris campanula and Toxocara cati were the parasites more frequently in feral cats. In rodents Eimeria sp., Strongyloides sp. and Trichuris muris were parasites more frequently herein detected. Human population living in this area are at risk of parasite infections due to the population of rodents and feral cats in the archipelago.Keywords: Helminths, protozoal disease, zoonosis, synanthropic animals. ResumoParasitas gastrointestinais são importantes agentes patogênicos que afetam os animais, sendo alguns destes de interesse médico e veterinário. Embora a dinâmica das infecções parasitárias seja um fenômeno complexo que tem sido estudado sob condições experimentais, existem várias lacunas no conhecimento, especificamente em regiões insulares onde existem populações confinadas de animais e parasitas. Neste estudo foi avaliado o parasitismo por endoparasitas gastrointestinais em gatos ferais (n = 37) e roedores (n = 30) do Arquipélago de Fernando de Noronha. Além disso, discutiu-se o risco de infecção humana e implicações ecológicas desses achados. De todas as amostras analisadas, 100% obtiveram resultados positivos para a presença de parasitos gastrointestinais tanto em gatos ferais quanto em roedores. Um total de 17 gêneros e/ou espécies de endoparasitos gastrointestinais foram identificados, Ancylostoma sp., Strongyloides sp., Trichuris campanula e Toxocara cati foram os parasitos mais frequentes em gatos ferais. Em roedores Eimeria sp., Strongyloides sp. e Trichuris muris foram os mais detectados. A população humana que vive nesta área corre o risco de infecções parasitárias, devido à população de roedores e gatos ferais no arquipélago.Palavras-chave: Helmintos, doenças protozoárias, zoonoses, animais sinantrópicos.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 68%

“…Accordingly, the availability of infective stages in a highly contaminated habitat enhances the chance for paratenic (e.g., rodents) and accidental (e.g., humans) hosts to be exposed to the pathogens (THOMPSON & CONLAN, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrointestinal parasites in feral cats and rodents from the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, Brazil

Lima

Ramos

Lepold

et al. 2017

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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“…For example, it is now emerging that in some endemic areas humans may be infected with more than one species of hookworm, and the eggs expelled in the faeces are morphologically identical [48]. Fortunately, PCR-based procedures have been developed which can differentiate between all the relevant genera and species of hookworm of public health and veterinary significance [49].…”

Section: Identification and Classification Of The Causative Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is important to be able to distinguish between the two main genera of human hookworm, Ancylostoma and Necator, because of their different pathogenic potential, but within the genus Ancylostoma, there are two species, A. duodenale and A. ceylanicum, of which the latter is zoonotic. The emergence of A.ceylanicum in South East Asia is a major impediment to control where mass chemotherapy is used, because dogs are the zoonotic reservoir of A. ceylanicum and are not targeted in mass chemotherapy programs [48]. Similarly, humans may be infected with more than one species of taeniid cestode in some endemic areas where there are a variety of susceptible intermediate hosts, particularly pigs and cattle [50].…”

Section: Identification and Classification Of The Causative Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In such situations, the epidemiology and control of human teaniasis and cysticercosis is dependent upon determining cycles of transmission and sources of infection. As with hookworm, morphological discrimination of taeniid species is not possible on the basis of the parasite stages passed in human faeces but is readily achieved with PCR-based procedures [48].…”

Section: Identification and Classification Of The Causative Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The molecular epidemiology of parasite infections: Tools and applications

Lymbery

Thompson

2012

Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology

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Molecular epidemiology, broadly defined, is the application of molecular genetic techniques to the dynamics of disease in a population. In this review, we briefly describe molecular and analytical tools available for molecular epidemiological studies and then provide an overview of how they can be applied to better understand parasitic disease. A range of new molecular tools have been developed in recent years, allowing for the direct examination of parasites from clinical or environmental samples, and providing access to relatively cheap, rapid, high throughput molecular assays. At the same time, new analytical approaches, in particular those derived from coalescent theory, have been developed to provide more robust estimates of evolutionary processes and demographic parameters from multilocus, genotypic data. To date, the primary application of molecular epidemiology has been to provide specific and sensitive identification of parasites and to resolve taxonomic issues, particularly at the species level and below. Population genetic studies have also been used to determine the extent of genetic diversity among populations of parasites and the degree to which this diversity is associated with different host cycles or epidemiologically important phenotypes. Many of these studies have also shed new light on transmission cycles of parasites, particularly the extent to which zoonotic transmission occurs, and on the prevalence and importance of mixed infections with different parasite species or intraspecific variants (polyparasitism). A major challenge, and one which is now being addressed by an increasing number of studies, is to find and utilise genetic markers for complex traits of epidemiological significance, such as drug resistance, zoonotic potential and virulence.

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