Emerging role of BOOT desalination projects

Lokiec, Fredi; Kronenberg, Gustavo

doi:10.1016/s0011-9164(01)00172-2

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Moreover, the decrease in cost has led to increase in plant capacity, which in turn leads to lower capital cost per unit volume of product [456]. Beside the improvements in performance as the technology matures, other factors contributing to the cost drop include the nature of the BOO/BOOT contracts [458,459], which has led to optimization of design and operation, hence reducing the cost.…”

Section: Energy and Economic Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reverse osmosis desalination: A state-of-the-art review

et al. 2019

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Water scarcity is a grand challenge that has always stimulated research interests in finding effective means for pure water production. In this context, reverse osmosis (RO) is considered the leading and the most optimized membrane-based desalination process that is currently dominating the desalination market. In this review, various aspects of RO desalination are reviewed. Theories and models related to concentration polarization and membrane transport, as well as merits and drawbacks of these models in predicting polarization effects, are discussed. An updated review of studies related to membrane modules (plate and frame, tubular, spiral wound, and hollow fiber) and membrane characterization are provided. The review also discusses membrane cleaning and different pre-treatment technologies in place for RO desalination, such as feed-water pre-treatment and biocides. RO pre-treatment technologies, which include conventional (e.g., coagulationflocculation, media filtration, disinfection, scale inhibition) and non-conventional (e.g., MF, UF, and NF) are reviewed and their relative attributes are compared. As per the available literature, UF, MF and coagulation-flocculation are considered the most widely used pre-treatment technologies. In addition, this review discusses membrane fouling, which represents a serious challenge in RO processes due to its significant contribution to energy requirements and process economy (e.g., flux decline, permeate quality, membrane lifespan, increased feed pressure, increased pre-treatment and membrane maintenance cost). Different membrane fouling types, such as colloidal, organic, inorganic, and biological fouling, are addressed in this review. Principles of RO process design and the embedded economic and energy considerations are discussed. In general, cost of water desalination has dropped to values that made it a viable option, comparable even to conventional water treatment methods. Finally, an overview of hybrid RO desalination processes and the current challenges faced by RO desalination processes are presented and discussed.

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Section: Energy and Economic Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reverse osmosis desalination: A state-of-the-art review

et al. 2019

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“…The average cost o�� sea�ater desalination �sing the m�ltistage ��ash method in Ab� �habi is $1.08 per m 3 , b�t transmission and distrib�tion req�ire an additional expendit�re o�� $0.95 per m 3 (Abu Qdas and Al �assa��, 2001). The estimated cost o�� desalination at a new faclty constructed by the cty of Tampa, Florida ranges ��rom $0.46 to $0.55 per m 3 (�okec and Kronenberg, 2001;Wil�� and Klinko, 2001). The so�rce of water s Tampa Bay, whch s less salne than the ocean d�e to in��o�s ��rom s�r��ace �ater so�rces.…”

Section: Desalination Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic Analysis of Environmental Issues Regarding Seawater Desalination

Wichelns

Nakao

2007

Water International

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Desalination of seawater is becoming an important source of drinking water in many cities and towns, where the demand for water continues to increase, while the supply of fresh water is limited. We examine the economic aspects of several environmental issues that arise during consideration of desalination projects. We present a conceptual framework that demonstrates the differences between public and private objectives, and we use that framework to describe policies that can encourage firms and consumers to consider environmental impacts. Public policies can be implemented also to stimulate technological developments that will reduce the environmental impacts of desalination. We also examine the potential growth inducement effects of seawater desalination by describing the likely impacts of desalination on both the demand and supply components of the market for municipal water in a coastal area.

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“…Examples include the plants: Trinidad, with a capacity of 135,000 m3/d [16]; Cyprus, with a capacity of 45,000 m3/d [16]; and Florida, USA, with a capacity of 94,625 m3/d [2]. The RO process requires an increase of the feed pressure to 60 bars for the case of seawater desalination; however, desalination of lowsalinity river water requires operation at much lower feed pressures that may not exceed 10 bars.…”

Section: Conventional Desalination Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual basic computer package for thermal and membrane desalination processes

Ettouney

2004

Desalination

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Emerging role of BOOT desalination projects

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Reverse osmosis desalination: A state-of-the-art review

Reverse osmosis desalination: A state-of-the-art review

Economic Analysis of Environmental Issues Regarding Seawater Desalination

Visual basic computer package for thermal and membrane desalination processes

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