Emerging roles of lymphatic endothelium in regulating adaptive immunity

Card, Catherine M.; Yu, Shann S.

doi:10.1172/jci73316

Cited by 193 publications

(203 citation statements)

References 100 publications

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“…58 Kornek et al. reported that in vitro -expanded murine LECs mediated direct suppression of T cell proliferation, essentially depending on IFN-γ from activated T cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lymphatic vessel density is associated with CD8⁺ T cell infiltration and immunosuppressive factors in human melanoma

et al. 2018

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Increased density of tumor-associated lymphatic vessels correlates with poor patient survival in melanoma and other cancers, yet lymphatic drainage is essential for initiating an immune response. Here we asked whether and how lymphatic vessel density (LVD) correlates with immune cell infiltration in primary tumors and lymph nodes (LNs) from patients with cutaneous melanoma. Using immunohistochemistry and quantitative image analysis, we found significant positive correlations between LVD and CD8+ T cell infiltration as well as expression of the immunosuppressive molecules inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and 2,3-dioxygénase (IDO). Interestingly, similar associations were seen in tumor-free LNs adjacent to metastatic ones, indicating loco-regional effects of tumors. Our data suggest that lymphatic vessels play multiple roles at tumor sites and LNs, promoting both T cell infiltration and adaptive immunosuppressive mechanisms. Lymph vessel associated T cell infiltration may increase immunotherapy success rates provided that the treatment overcomes adaptive immune resistance.

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“…58 Kornek et al. reported that in vitro -expanded murine LECs mediated direct suppression of T cell proliferation, essentially depending on IFN-γ from activated T cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lymphatic vessel density is associated with CD8⁺ T cell infiltration and immunosuppressive factors in human melanoma

et al. 2018

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“…It could be argued that the unique nature of lymphatic drainage from the CNS is indeed what drives the phenomenon of immune privilege. Lymphatic ECs are reportedly able to shape the immune response (98)(99)(100). Although most evidence comes from lymph node-resident lymphatic ECs, meningeal lymphatic ECs might have unique properties that induce and control immune tolerance; if so, the specific mechanism through which tolerance to CNS antigens is established might implicate the meningeal lymphatic vessels.…”

Section: R E V I E W S E R I E S : G L I a A N D N E U R O D E G E N mentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the functions and relationships of the glymphatic system and meningeal lymphatics

Louveau

Plog

Antila

et al. 2017

Journal of Clinical Investigation

500

394

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“…In more general terms, lymphatics are the first barrier for antigen-presenting cells that are transported into the next lymph node to initiate an adaptive immune response (31). Facilitating their entry could potentially improve the efficiency of vaccination.…”

Section: Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

The lymphatic vasculature revisited

Kerjaschki¹

2014

J. Clin. Invest.

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Lymphatic vessels constitute a ubiquitous countercurrent system to the blood vasculature that returns interstitial fluid, salts, small molecules, resorbed fat, and cells to the bloodstream. They serve as conduits to lymph nodes and are essential for multiple physiologic activities. However, they are also hijacked by cancer cells to establish initial lymph node metastases, as well as by infectious agents and parasites. Despite these obvious important functions in human pathologies, a more detailed understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of the lymphatic vasculature has trailed that of the blood vasculature for many years, mainly because critical specific characteristics of lymphatic endothelial cells were discovered only recently. In this Review series, several major aspects of the active and passive involvement of the lymphatic vasculature in human disease and physiology are presented, with a focus on translational findings.

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Emerging roles of lymphatic endothelium in regulating adaptive immunity

Cited by 193 publications

References 100 publications

Lymphatic vessel density is associated with CD8⁺ T cell infiltration and immunosuppressive factors in human melanoma

Lymphatic vessel density is associated with CD8⁺ T cell infiltration and immunosuppressive factors in human melanoma

Understanding the functions and relationships of the glymphatic system and meningeal lymphatics

The lymphatic vasculature revisited

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Emerging roles of lymphatic endothelium in regulating adaptive immunity

Cited by 193 publications

References 100 publications

Lymphatic vessel density is associated with CD8+ T cell infiltration and immunosuppressive factors in human melanoma

Lymphatic vessel density is associated with CD8+ T cell infiltration and immunosuppressive factors in human melanoma

Understanding the functions and relationships of the glymphatic system and meningeal lymphatics

The lymphatic vasculature revisited

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Lymphatic vessel density is associated with CD8⁺ T cell infiltration and immunosuppressive factors in human melanoma

Lymphatic vessel density is associated with CD8⁺ T cell infiltration and immunosuppressive factors in human melanoma