Emerging Roles of Viroporins Encoded by DNA Viruses: Novel Targets for Antivirals?

Royle, Jamie; Dobson, Samuel J.; Müller, Marietta; Macdonald, Andrew

doi:10.3390/v7102880

Cited by 26 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…Many viruses encode their own ion channel, termed viroporins discussed in reviews by Royle et al and Sze and Tan [9,10]. Viroporins highlight the importance of the control of ion homeostasis during virus infection cycles, but it is noteworthy that many viruses have no known viroporins, and it is thus assumed they have adapted other mechanisms to manipulate the host cell ionic environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral dependence on cellular ion channels – an emerging anti-viral target?

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Foster

Barr

et al. 2017

Journal of General Virology

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The broad range of cellular functions governed by ion channels represents an attractive target for viral manipulation. Indeed, modulation of host cell ion channel activity by viral proteins is being increasingly identified as an important virus-host interaction. Recent examples have demonstrated that virion entry, virus egress and the maintenance of a cellular environment conducive to virus persistence are, in part, dependent on virus manipulation of ion channel activity. Most excitingly, evidence has emerged that targeting ion channels pharmacologically can impede virus life cycles. Here, we discuss current examples of virus-ion channel interactions and the potential of targeting ion channel function as a new, pharmacologically safe and broad-ranging anti-viral therapeutic strategy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral dependence on cellular ion channels – an emerging anti-viral target?

Hover

Foster

Barr

et al. 2017

Journal of General Virology

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“…The cellular localization pattern of E5 suggests that its activity may be related to the trafficking of cytoplasmic membrane proteins through this cellular compartment. Recently, E5 has also been classified as a viroporin- a channel-forming viral membrane protein, able to modulate ion homeostasis and to play a critical role in many processes, including vesicle trafficking and viral life cycle [ 136 , 137 ].…”

Section: E5: Manipulation Of Trafficking Pathways and Cancer Devementioning

confidence: 99%

Papillomaviruses and Endocytic Trafficking

Siddiqa

Broniarczyk

Banks

2018

IJMS

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Endocytic trafficking plays a major role in transport of incoming human papillomavirus (HPVs) from plasma membrane to the trans Golgi network (TGN) and ultimately into the nucleus. During this infectious entry, several cellular sorting factors are recruited by the viral capsid protein L2, which plays a critical role in ensuring successful transport of the L2/viral DNA complex to the nucleus. Later in the infection cycle, two viral oncoproteins, E5 and E6, have also been shown to modulate different aspects of endocytic transport pathways. In this review, we highlight how HPV makes use of and perturbs normal endocytic transport pathways, firstly to achieve infectious virus entry, secondly to produce productive infection and the completion of the viral life cycle and, finally, on rare occasions, to bring about the development of malignancy.

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“…EV71 2B is a small hydrophobic protein belonging to the viroporin family of membrane permeabilizing proteins (40,41). Given that JC agnoprotein has been described as a viroporin, we sought to determine whether BK agnoprotein might be the target for the inhibitory activity of DIDS.…”

Section: Loss Of Agnoprotein Increases Bk Transcription and Protein Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Agnoprotein is an Essential Egress Factor during BK Polyomavirus Infection

Maria-Panou¹,

Prescott²,

Hurdiss³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) causes a lifelong chronic infection and is associated with debilitating disease in kidney transplant recipients. Despite its importance, aspects of the virus life cycle remain poorly understood. In addition to the structural proteins, the late region of the BK genome encodes for an auxiliary protein called agnoprotein. Studies on other polyomavirus agnoproteins have suggested that the protein may contribute to virion infectivity. Here, we demonstrate an essential role for agnoprotein in BK virus release. Viruses lacking agnoprotein do not propagate to wild-type levels and fail to release from host cells. Despite this, loss of agnoprotein does not impair virion infectivity or morphogenesis. Instead, agnoprotein expression correlates with nuclear egress of BK virions. We demonstrate that the agnoprotein binding partner α-SNAP is necessary for BK virion release, and siRNA knockdown of α-SNAP prevents nuclear release of wild-type BK virions. These data highlight a novel role for agnoprotein and begin to reveal the mechanism by which polyomaviruses leave an infected cell.

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Emerging Roles of Viroporins Encoded by DNA Viruses: Novel Targets for Antivirals?

Cited by 26 publications

References 87 publications

Viral dependence on cellular ion channels – an emerging anti-viral target?

Viral dependence on cellular ion channels – an emerging anti-viral target?

Papillomaviruses and Endocytic Trafficking

Agnoprotein is an Essential Egress Factor during BK Polyomavirus Infection

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