Emerging strategies of engineering retinal organoids and organoid-on-a-chip in modeling intraocular drug delivery: Current progress and future perspectives

Yu, Jiaheng; Yin, Yanyun; Leng, Yubing; Zhang, Jingcheng; Wang, Chunyan; Chen, Yanyun; Li, Xiaorui; Wang, Xudong; Liu, Hui; Wang, Xinyu; Jin, Yishan; Zhang, Yihan; Lü, Kun; Wang, Kehao; Wang, Xiaofei; Wang, Lizhen; Zheng, Fuyin; Gu, Zhongze; Li, Yinghui; Fan, Yubo

doi:10.1016/j.addr.2023.114842

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 231 publications

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“…In particular, neural retina and RPE depend on metabolism for both generation of energy as well as intra- and inter-cellular signaling 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 . Because of their high oxidative capacity, isolated tissues of the eye are not well-maintained under static conditions 18 , 19 and therefore study of isolated components of the eye require flow systems that can both maintain and assess metabolic processes. The fluidics system was developed to generate OCR and LPR data from a wide range of tissue types and in this paper we presented detailed protocols that were found to produce optimal results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maintaining and Assessing Various Tissue and Cell Types of the Eye Using a Novel Pumpless Fluidics System

Grumbine,

Kamat,

Bao

et al. 2023

JoVE

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Many in vitro models used to investigate tissue function and cell biology require a flow of media to provide adequate oxygenation and optimal cell conditions required for the maintenance of function and viability. Toward this end, we have developed a multi-channel flow culture system to maintain tissue and cells in culture and continuously assess function and viability by either in-line sensors and/or collection of outflow fractions. The system combines 8-channel, continuous optical sensing of oxygen consumption rate with a built-in fraction collector to simultaneously measure production rates of metabolites and hormone secretion. Although it is able to maintain and assess a wide range of tissue and cell models, including islets, muscle, and hypothalamus, here we describe its operating principles and the experimental preparations/protocols that we have used to investigate bioenergetic regulation of isolated mouse retina, mouse retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)-choroid-sclera, and cultured human RPE cells. Innovations in the design of the system, such as pumpless fluid flow, have produced a greatly simplified operation of a multi-channel flow system. Videos and images are shown that illustrate how to assemble, prepare the instrument for an experiment, and load the different tissue/cell models into the perifusion chambers. In addition, guidelines for selecting conditions for protocol- and tissue-specific experiments are delineated and discussed, including setting the correct flow rate to tissue ratio to obtain consistent and stable culture conditions and accurate determinations of consumption and production rates. The combination of optimal tissue maintenance and real-time assessment of multiple parameters yields highly informative data sets that will have great utility for research in the physiology of the eye and drug discovery for the treatment of impaired vision.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maintaining and Assessing Various Tissue and Cell Types of the Eye Using a Novel Pumpless Fluidics System

Grumbine,

Kamat,

Bao

et al. 2023

JoVE

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“…It achieves this by utilizing micronano precision machining and microfluidic analysis technologies to mimic the complex microphysiological functions of organs in vitro . The OOC incorporates multisensing, multiorgan, and an embedded system to dynamically monitor and control mechanical stimulation, physiological signals, spatiotemporal chemical gradients, and tissue interface interactions with other organs, thus creating a comprehensive bionic human system. − When exposed to mechanical stress from fluid flow and circulation, the cells experience environments that closely resemble those within the human body, such as intestinal peristalsis, pulmonary respiration, and blood flow in blood vessels. The OOC also offers advantages in reproducing more complex structural features, including multicellular complexity, intercellular interactions, specific tissue extracellular matrix (ECM), and mechanical forces .…”

Section: Organs-on-chipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Organ-on-a-Chip to Human-on-a-Chip: A Review of Research Progress and Latest Applications

Huang,

Liu,

Huang

et al. 2024

ACS Sens.

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Organ-on-a-Chip (OOC) technology, which emulates the physiological environment and functionality of human organs on a microfluidic chip, is undergoing significant technological advancements. Despite its rapid evolution, this technology is also facing notable challenges, such as the lack of vascularization, the development of multiorgan-on-a-chip systems, and the replication of the human body on a single chip. The progress of microfluidic technology has played a crucial role in steering OOC toward mimicking the human microenvironment, including vascularization, microenvironment replication, and the development of multiorgan microphysiological systems. Additionally, advancements in detection, analysis, and organoid imaging technologies have enhanced the functionality and efficiency of Organs-on-Chips (OOCs). In particular, the integration of artificial intelligence has revolutionized organoid imaging, significantly enhancing high-throughput drug screening. Consequently, this review covers the research progress of OOC toward Human-on-achip, the integration of sensors in OOCs, and the latest applications of organoid imaging technologies in the biomedical field.

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Therapeutic Potential of Oral-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Retinal Repair

Mohebichamkhorami,

Niknam,

Zali

et al. 2023

Stem Cell Rev and Rep

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Emerging strategies of engineering retinal organoids and organoid-on-a-chip in modeling intraocular drug delivery: Current progress and future perspectives

Cited by 9 publications

References 231 publications

Maintaining and Assessing Various Tissue and Cell Types of the Eye Using a Novel Pumpless Fluidics System

Maintaining and Assessing Various Tissue and Cell Types of the Eye Using a Novel Pumpless Fluidics System

From Organ-on-a-Chip to Human-on-a-Chip: A Review of Research Progress and Latest Applications

Therapeutic Potential of Oral-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Retinal Repair

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