Emerging Supplements in Sports

Abstract

Context:Nutritional supplements advertised as ergogenic are commonly used by athletes at all levels. Health care professionals have an opportunity and responsibility to counsel athletes concerning the safety and efficacy of supplements on the market.Evidence Acquisition:An Internet search of common fitness and bodybuilding sites was performed to identify supplement promotions. A search of MEDLINE (2000–August, 2011) was performed using the most commonly identified supplements, including glutamine, choline, methoxyisoflavone, quercetin, zinc/magnesium aspartate, and nitric oxide. The search terms supplement, ergogenic aid, and performance were also used.Results:Six common and newer supplements were identified, including glutamine, choline, methoxyisoflavone, quercetin, zinc/magnesium aspartate, and nitric oxide.Conclusions:Controlled studies have not determined the effects of these supplements on performance in athletes. Scientific evidence is not available to support the use of these supplements for performance enhancement.

Dietary quercetin supplements: Assessment of online product informations and quantitation of quercetin in the products by high‐performance liquid chromatography

“…As reported in animal and human studies, quercetin significantly affects the pharmacokinetics of several drugs by interacting with CYP3A4, P‐gp, and other biotransformation enzymes and transporters (Andres et al, ). Although quercetin–drug interactions are not well documented, special attention should be given to patients who concomitantly take quercetin products and chemotherapeutic or cardiovascular medications with narrow therapeutic index (Andres et al, ; Mason & Lavallee, ; Tsai et al, ). Furthermore, patients on medications with narrow therapeutic window (e.g., warfarin or digoxin) should be made aware of the potential interactions of quercetin‐containing products with drugs, and they should consult with their health care provider prior to taking any herbal or dietary supplement (Andres et al, ; Woodward, Deyo, Donahue, Deal, & Hawes, ).…”

“…Furthermore, it is also claimed that quercetin as supplement exerts ergogenic effect, explaining why quercetin became popular among athletes. Surprisingly, doses as high as 1,000 or 2,000 mg daily are recommended in the product leaflets (Harwood et al, 2007;Mason & Lavallee, 2012), which are approximately 40-80 times higher than the estimated average dietary intake of quercetin (25-50 mg/day; Egert et al, 2008;Andres et al, 2018).…”

Consumo de suplementos e risco de distúrbios no comportamento alimentar em atletas adolescentes de Porto Alegre

“…Suplementos alimentares ou recursos ergogênicos são produtos ou substâncias que auxiliam na melhora de desempenho físico ao aumentar a produção ou utilização de energia 4,5 . O consumo destes vem crescendo gradativamente, uma vez que a grande variedade e facilidade de acesso a esses produtos, aliados a mídia, favorece esta prática, muitas vezes sem orientação de profissional 6 . A busca pela rápida melhora na composição corporal e no desempenho parecem estar entre os principais motivos para uso dos mesmos 7 .…”

Glutamine Supplementation

“…In a 2012 survey of fitness and bodybuilding Internet sites, glutamine was one of the six most commonly touted supplements (13). These Internet sites tout glutamine as ''essential for serious athletes'' to ''increase growth hormone'' and ''enhance muscle metabolism.''…”