EMG Biofeedback and Tension Headache: A Controlled Outcome Study

Budzynski, Thomas; Stoyva, Johann; Adler, Charles S.; Mullaney, Daniel J.

doi:10.1097/00006842-197311000-00004

Cited by 395 publications

(165 citation statements)

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“…10 Measures 1 Pain Questionnaire; pain intensity, pain variation and sense of control were recorded using a six-point visual analogue scale, similar to that used in previous research. 11,12 This also recorded onset of pain, areas of pain and area where most severe pain was experienced. 2 Functional Independence; this was assessed using the Functional Independence Measure (FIM).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with acute and chronic pain following traumatic spinal cord injuries

et al. 1997

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Previous studies have estimated that between 25% and 45% of people with spinal cord injury report severe levels of chronic pain. Few studies have examined this longitudinally. This study examines the primary pain sites, intensity and variability of perceived pain in 76 patients, 6 weeks post injury and 45 patients from the same cohort, 8 year post discharge. Demographic information reveals a close similarity with the database (40 000) from Stover and Fine's cohort (1986). Data was assessed using visual analogue scales, measures were also taken of functional independence (FIM), emotional status and coping. At 6 weeks post injury, most pain is sited in the thoracic spine area, and in the upper and lower limbs. At 1 year post discharge, most pain is reported to be in the thoracic spine area, the lumbar region and the chest. Twenty-three per cent of the 6 week group reported that the intensity of their pain was severe, whilst at 1 year, 41% of the sample complained of severe pain. Factors associated with the pain at both time points were explored using correlational analyses. The emotional, functional and psychological factors that predict pain severity were explored using multiple regression analysis. Twenty-four per cent of those reporting moderate to severe pain at 6 weeks post injury were still reporting pain at 1 year post discharge. This study examines the relative contribution of psychological factors in reported pain.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with acute and chronic pain following traumatic spinal cord injuries

et al. 1997

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“…Further, while a continuous auditory or visual analog has been most widely applied, some studies suggest that discrete threshold feedback can be effective for this physiological system. EMG feedback has been reported to be particularly effective in neuromuscular rehabilitation where muscular Authors Green, Walters, Green, & Murphy (1969) Budzynski, Stoyva, & Adler (1970) Leibrecht, Lloyd, & Pounder (1973) Budzynski, Stoyva, Adler, & Mullaney (1973) Wickramasekera (1972) Raskin, Johnson, & Rondestvedt (1973) Cleeland (1973) Swaan, van Wieringen,& Fokkema (1974) Hanna, WHiling, & McNeill(1975 Basmajian (1974) Smith, Basmajian, & Vanderstoep (1974) Brudney, Korein, Levidow, Grynbaum, Lieberman, & Friedman (1974 …”

Section: Electromyograpillc Feedbackmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feedback modalities as a consideration in biofeedback applications

Schandler

Grings

1978

Behavior Research Methods & Instrumentation

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Effects associated with specific feedback modalities are neither clear nor well explored. The present paper provides an overview of feedback modalities typically used for the presentation of information from major physiological systems. Some consideration of feedback modality in relation to theory is provided with a discussion of trends in past applications.The central goal of this paper is to examine current practice concerning types of feedback being employed and, in particular, the sensory modes used in relation to different physiological systems. Early experimentation on motor-skills learning contributed principles basic to the development of the feedback concept and implementation of modalities. In the classic study by Trowbridge and Cason (1932), two clear distinctions among types of feedback were made and confirmed as important. One is the distinction between qualitative and quantitative feedback. In the former, the learner is informed merely that he is right or wrong; in the latter case, he is informed that he is over or under his goal by a certain amount. The second distinction is between relevant and irrelevant (or false) feedback. The Trowbridge and Cason study showed learning with quantitative feedback to be superior, whereas irrelevant feedback resulted in worse performance than the nofeedback condition.Those principles from skill learning have been updated (e.g., Adams, 1968) and used as a conceptual background for work in biofeedback (e.g., analog vs. binary feedback; see Lang & Twentyman, 1974). The general issue of concern is when and under what circumstances the amount of feedback (in informational terms) influences the amount of behavior change. Another distinction discussed by Lang and Twentyman was that between organ feedback and performance feedback. ThisRequests for reprints should be sent to

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“…A joked control group (5,27) was observed under the same conditions as the first two groups, but the tone, which had been prerecorded on cassettes, was randomly distributed and present for 75 percent of the 30-minute tape.…”

Section: Joked Control Groupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main therapeutic applications of EEG and EMG feedback have been made in psychosomatic medicine (5,15). Since the subjective reports of individuals in a high CaR.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%