EMG, bite force, and elongation of the masseter muscle under isometric voluntary contractions and variations of vertical dimension

Manns, Arturo; Miralles, Rodolfo; Palazzi, Carmen

doi:10.1016/0022-3913(79)90200-2

Cited by 177 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

100

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…With respect to gape, there is a general pattern of decreasing bite force with increasing gape angle both within and between species. The significant, negative association between gape angle and bite E. R. Dumont and A. Herrel (Fig.·1), coupled with data from humans (Fields et al, 1986;Mackenna and Turker, 1983;Manns et al, 1979), suggests that this relationship is common among mammals with generalized cranial morphology. However, the presence of outliers and a relatively low coefficient of determination for the regression (r 2 =0.49) indicate that bite force is also affected by factors other than gape angle.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…One study reports that when gape angle is held constant, unilateral bite force increases from canine to second molar positions (van Eijden, 1991). In contrast, when bite point is held constant and gape is varied, there appears to be an optimum gape angle at which maximum forces are produced (Fields et al, 1986;Mackenna and Turker, 1983;Manns et al, 1979). The combination of varying results from human studies and lack of experimental data from non-human mammals leaves the relationship between gape angle, bite point and bite force unresolved.…”

mentioning

confidence: 92%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The effects of gape angle and bite point on bite force in bats

Dumont

Herrel

2003

Journal of Experimental Biology

169

186

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Models of the mammalian masticatory apparatus predict that bite force is affected by both the degree of mouth opening (gape angle) and the location along the tooth row at which force is transferred (bite point). Theoretical analyses of gape angle and empirical studies of muscle function suggest that there is a trade-off between mechanical advantage and gape (Herring and Herring, 1974;Lindauer et al., 1993;Turkawski and van Eijden, 2001). For generalized mammals, larger gape angles require muscles to stretch and are predicted to negatively impact the geometry of their mechanical advantage. Among more specialized taxa, alterations in the geometry of muscle insertions and internal architecture over evolutionary time have resulted in species that can produce high bite forces at high gape angles (carnivores) and other species that are wellsuited to producing high bite forces at low gape angles (herbivores). With respect to bite point, models of the lower jaw as a simple class III lever or beam (e.g. Hylander, 1975;Radinsky, 1981;Weishampel, 1993) and constrained lever models that focus on protecting the temporomandibular joint from tensile loading (e.g. Greaves, 1978;Spencer, 1999) predict that bite forces increase at progressively posterior bite points. Constrained lever models further predict that bite forces level off and may decline posterior to an optimal bite point located at or near the first molar.Despite the widespread use of these models and predictions in discussions of mammalian feeding (e.g. Carraway et al., 1996;Dumont, 1997;Emerson and Radinsky, 1980;Freeman, 1981;Kiltie, 1982;Perez-Barberia and Gordon, 1999;Reduker, 1983;Sicuro and Oliveira, 2002;Stafford and Szalay, 2000), there are surprisingly few experimental data documenting bite force in non-human mammals. Data summarizing maximum bite forces elicited using electrical stimulation are available for macaques, opossums, and rats (Dechow and Carlson, 1983;Robins, 1977;Thomason et al., 1989). Natural, non-stimulated bite forces have been recorded at single (or combined) bite points in possums, hyenas, ferrets and bats (Aguirre et al., 2002;Binder and Van Valkenburgh, 2000;Dessem and Druzinsky, 1992;Thomason et al., 1989). Variation in non-stimulated bite force has been reported only for galagos and macaques (Hylander, 1977(Hylander, , 1979, in which there is a positive relationship between bite force and increasingly posterior bite point.Humans are the only mammals in which the combined effects of gape and bite point on non-stimulated bite force production have been studied in any detail. Even so, the integrated effects of bite point and gape angle on force production remain unclear (Spencer, 1999). Among experiments in which gape and bite point are altered Models of mammalian mastication predict that bite force is affected by both the degree of mouth opening (gape angle) and the point along the tooth row at which force is transferred to a food item (bite point). Despite the widespread use of these models in comparative analyses, experimental data do...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

mentioning

confidence: 92%

The effects of gape angle and bite point on bite force in bats

Dumont

Herrel

2003

Journal of Experimental Biology

169

186

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As Tortopidis et al (9) reported a difference in values measured in different sessions, data were collected in a single session. According to Manns et al (10), maximal clenching force is greatest at an increased vertical dimension of occlusion of 10-20 mm. The interocclusal separation was approximately 14 mm when the test was carried out in the posterior or anterior area.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maximal bite force and its association with temporomandibular disorders

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Individuals with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are expected to have decreased maximum bite forces (MBF). This way, this study compared the MBF in subjects with TMD to a control group and also evaluated its association with age, gender, height and weight. Forty healthy adults with complete natural dentition divided into four groups according to gender and presence or absence of TMD signs/symptoms (based on the Research Diagnostic Criteria -RDC) underwent a MBF test with a gnathodynamometer in molar and incisal areas. Statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA and Student-Newman-Keuls test (p=0.05), and the relationship between age, gender, weight, height and MBF was verified by Pearson's correlation test. There were no differences in MBF results between TMD and control groups (p>0.05). Female subjects exhibited lower MBF than male and MBF for the anterior area was lower than that for posterior area (p<0.05). Significant correlation was found between MBF and weight in TMD subjects (p<0.05), except for the anterior area in female subjects. There was a positive correlation between MBF and height in TMD male subjects (p<0.05). Within the limitations of this study, it is possible to conclude that bite force was not affected by TMD. Correlation between MBF and weight in TMD subjects and between MBF and height in TMD male subjects was observed.

show abstract

“…The investigators considered that the stretch reflex was responsible for these active postural load compensations (Lund, 1990 (Rugh and Drago, 1981;Gross and Ormianer, 1994;Ormianer andGross, 1998). In HMBF, the interocclusal distance is from 12 to 25 mm (Manns et al, 1979). From HMBF, as the mandible approaches occlusion, the maximal biting force decreases and the EMG activity increases.…”

Section: Regulations and Changes In The Habitual Mandibular Positionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Mandibular Postures: Mechanisms and Clinical Implications

Woda¹,

Pionchon²,

Palla

2001

Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This review argues that (1) the habitual mandibular position is constantly variable and so cannot be considered as a craniomandibular reference point, (2) there is no unique centric relation, (3) mandibular posture greatly depends on head posture, (4) clinical evaluation of the occlusal vertical dimension is mostly empirical, and (5) neither the vertical dimension at rest nor the centric relation can be determined by means of existing instrument-based clinical methods. However, some physiological conditions exist that facilitate the recording of craniomandibular position.

show abstract

EMG, bite force, and elongation of the masseter muscle under isometric voluntary contractions and variations of vertical dimension

Cited by 177 publications

References 16 publications

The effects of gape angle and bite point on bite force in bats

The effects of gape angle and bite point on bite force in bats

Maximal bite force and its association with temporomandibular disorders

Regulation of Mandibular Postures: Mechanisms and Clinical Implications

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About