EMG profiles of lower extremity muscles during cycling at constant workload and cadence

Ryan, Mary Margaret; Gregor, Robert J.

doi:10.1016/1050-6411(92)90018-e

Cited by 125 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Nonetheless, when the overall percentage of activation were compared significant differences were observed, where the vastus lateralis had the largest participation followed by rectus femoris, biceps femoris, and gastrocnemius lateralis. Hug and Dorel 31 reported that the vastus lateralis is a muscle that exclusively participates in the propulsive phase of the pedaling cycle (0°-180°) and its main function is to produce power since it is a single joint muscle 32 . On the other hand, the rectus femoris acts in the propulsive and recovery (180°-360°) phases 31 , and its main function is to transfer muscle power since it is a biarticular muscle.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Saddle Height on Performance and Muscular Activity During the Wingate Test

et al. 2017

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RESUMOO presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar o desempenho anaeróbio e a ativação muscular durante um teste de ciclismo supramáximo em três diferentes alturas do selim. Doze ciclistas competitivos completaram um teste incremental em cicloergômetro e três testes de Wingate de 30 s em diferentes alturas do selim (referência, baixa e alta), de forma randomizada, em diferentes dias. A altura do selim foi alterada para baixo e para cima a partir da posição de referência usando como parâmetro o valor referente a (± 2,5%) da distância da sínfise púbica até o solo. O sinal eletromiográfico (EMG) foi obtido dos músculos reto femoral, vasto lateral, bíceps femoral (cabeça longa) e gastrocnêmio lateral. As variáveis anaeróbias e os dados de EMG foram divididos em seis janelas consecutivas de 5 s. Os sinals EMG foram normalizados pela primeira janela da posição de referência para estipular as mudanças percentuais ao longo do teste. Os resultados sugerem que durante o teste de Wingate de 30 s pequenas alterações na altura do selim resultam em aumento da potência pico (referência=1380±241 W; baixa=1497±175 W, p=0,036; alta=1491±225 W, p=0,049) e maior período de ativação percentual para o vasto lateral (referência=33,6%, baixa=33,2%, alta=35,0%; p=0,001) em relação ao reto femoral (referência=24,5%, baixa=25,2%, alta=23.7%), bíceps femoral (referência=20,7%, baixa=20,8%, alta=19,9%) e gastrocnêmio lateral (referência=21,2%, baixa=20,8%, alta=19,9%). Os resultados sugerem que pequenos ajustes na altura do selim podem afetar a relação força-comprimento e, consequentemente, a capacidade de gerar força e o padrão de recrutamento muscular dos membros inferiores. Palavras-chave: Ciclismo. Fadiga. Potência anaeróbia. ABSTRACTThis study aimed to analyze the anaerobic performance and muscle activation during a supramaximal cycling test at three different saddle positions. Twelve competitive cyclists completed an incremental cycling test and three 30-s Wingate tests in three different saddle heights (reference, downward, and upward), in a random order, on different days. The saddle height was individually shifted downward and upward (seeing 2.5% of the distance from the pubic symphysis to ground) from the reference position. The electromyographic signal (EMG) data was obtained from the rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, biceps femoris (long head), and gastrocnemius lateralis in order to assess muscle activation during the entire test. The anaerobic variables and the EMG data were divided into six consecutive windows of 5-s. The EMG signals were normalized by the first 5-s window of the reference position to provide the percentage changes throughout the test. The results suggest that during a 30-s Wingate test small changes in saddle height result in greater peak power output (reference=1380±241 W; downward=1497±175 W, p=0.036; upward=1491±225 W, p=0.049) and greater activation period for vastus lateralis (reference=33.6%, downward=33.2%, upward=35.0%; p=0.001) in comparision to rectus femoris (reference=24.5%, downward=25.2%, upwa...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Saddle Height on Performance and Muscular Activity During the Wingate Test

et al. 2017

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“…vastus medialis, vastus lateralis and gluteus maximus) compared to two-joint muscles (eg. hamstrings and soleus) [13]. The muscle activation times in our study revealed that these were highest for the single joint quadriceps group (i.e.…”

Section: Muscle Activationmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Each muscle's MVC was performed at a different posture and postural angles were held constant amongst subjects to elicit the highest possible EMG signal for each muscle group. Each muscle's MVC values were then used to 'normalize' subsequent EMG data [13], and the dynamic movement of the muscles during exercise did not exceed the MVC achieved during isometric effort.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Isokinetic Cycling and Elliptical Stepping: A Kinematic and Muscle Activation Analysis

Hamzaid

Smith²,

Davis³

2013

Clin Res Foot Ankle

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Background: Semi-recumbent cycling exercise has been used as a strategy to complement gait retraining in individuals with disordered walking ability. However, seated elliptical stepping might be a more potent exercise modality for this purpose. Yet, there has not been a kinematic analysis of elliptical stepping exercise, whereby the movement path is produced by a slider-crank mechanism. This study compared the kinematic and leg muscle activation patterns of two isokinetic exercise modalities -cycling and elliptical stepping.

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“…This includes the appropriate timing of muscle activation in order to manage loads imposed on each joint, 3 the transfer of energy between joints 4 and imparting energy to the cranks 5 for propulsion. The strategy utilized then, must take into account each muscle's functional role [6][7][8] in controlling this task.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Biomechanics of Cycling with a Transtibial Amputation

Childers

Kistenberg

Gregor

2009

Prosthetics &Amp; Orthotics International

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People with amputations may find cycling advantageous for exercise, transportation and rehabilitation. The reciprocal nature of stationary cycling also makes it a viable model for research in motor control because the body is supported by the saddle allowing the researcher to focus on the cyclic movement of the legs without the confounding variable of balance. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the cycling task in intact cyclists and relate this information to understanding the challenges faced by cyclists with transtibial amputations (CTA). Ongoing research into the biomechanics of CTAs will be summarized to expose the differences between intact and CTA cycling mechanics, asymmetries between limbs of CTAs as well as neuromuscular adaptation following amputation. The article will include recommendations for prosthetic design and modification of the bicycle to improve cycling performance for CTA at all experience levels.

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EMG profiles of lower extremity muscles during cycling at constant workload and cadence

Cited by 125 publications

References 11 publications

Effects of Saddle Height on Performance and Muscular Activity During the Wingate Test

Effects of Saddle Height on Performance and Muscular Activity During the Wingate Test

Isokinetic Cycling and Elliptical Stepping: A Kinematic and Muscle Activation Analysis

The Biomechanics of Cycling with a Transtibial Amputation

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