Emission abatement in shipping – is it possible to reduce carbon dioxide emissions profitably?

Schwartz, Henry G.; Hellström, Magnus; Spohr, Jonas

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.120069

Cited by 64 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Other than saving operational costs for the organization, it will promote its brand image by being environmentally friendly. The maritime industry has been seen as a crucial culprit to climate change with tremendous volume of carbon dioxide emissions [67] . Hence, the maritime industry has the potential to play a critical role in reducing global warming.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The key challenges and critical success factors of blockchain implementation: Policy implications for Singapore’s maritime industry

et al. 2020

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Blockchain has the potential to improve the efficiency and transparency of maritime businesses and operations. Nevertheless, few studies have been conducted to identify the key challenges and critical success factors (CSFs) of blockchain implementation in the maritime industry. A case study approach based on Singapore’s maritime industry is adopted. Four interviews are conducted to establish the face validity of the survey questionnaire before data are collected from 30 maritime professionals from Singapore’s maritime industry. In addition to analytic hierarchical process (AHP), a fishbone diagram and PESTEL analysis are also adopted to organize and discuss the results. The results show that there are six key challenges and six CSFs for blockchain implementation. Using a fishbone diagram, the six identified challenges along with 13 personal concerns are categorized into five dimensions related to people, methods, organization, external environment, and technology. The CSFs are sufficient capital, staff training, ease of local legislation, support from the shipping community, support from the senior management, and professional consultation and assistance. This study implicates marine policy formulation in relation to subsidies and investments, blockchain talent and knowledge acquisition, and workforce training and education to accelerate blockchain implementation in the maritime industry.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The key challenges and critical success factors of blockchain implementation: Policy implications for Singapore’s maritime industry

et al. 2020

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“…Electrification has been gaining strong interest in maritime shipping as it improves energy management onboard and reducing emissions in port areas [40,41]. Electrification opportunities are exploited both to produce energy to power berthing ships (cold ironing) and to charge batteries for full-electric or hybrid ships [42][43][44]. The power system of full-electric ships is based on batteries charged from the onshore grid while at berth, whereas battery hybrid ships do not bunker electricity from shore but use batteries to improve the energy efficiency.…”

Section: Switch To Alternative Fuel Optionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards the IMO’s GHG Goals: A Critical Overview of the Perspectives and Challenges of the Main Options for Decarbonizing International Shipping

2020

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The Initial Strategy on reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from ships adopted by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) in 2018 commits the IMO to reduce total GHG emissions of shipping by at least 50% by 2050. Though the direction of the Strategy is clear, the path to implementation remains uncertain. The ambitious IMO’s target calls for widespread uptake of lower and zero-carbon fuels, in addition to other energy efficiency measures, including operational and market ones. Using a triangulated research approach, this paper provides a critical overview of the main measures and initiatives the shipping industry can adopt to try to cope with the new IMO’s requirements. The pros and cons of the most popular emission reduction options are investigated along with the main challenges and barriers to implementation and the potential facilitators that could foster a wider application. The framework that is outlined is complex and not without controversy. Research can play a key role as a facilitator of shipping’s decarbonization by providing its contribution to overcoming the existing controversies on various decarbonization options and by developing a wealth of knowledge that can encourage the implementation of low-carbon initiatives.

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“…Here, the primary measures are hull form optimization, hull coating, propeller flow optimization, waste heat recovery, and wind assistance. Interestingly, adoption in the industry has been scarce, despite most measures generating positive cash flow for shipowners [2]. The second category contains measures that reduce one or more pollutants compared to unregulated combustion of heavy fuel oil.…”

Section: Related Work and Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although shipping emissions are regulated nowadays, they are nevertheless estimated to account for 250,000 deaths and 6.4 million asthma cases annually [1]. Due to the pressure to reduce emissions, and the high cost of abatement systems, identifying least-cost strategies for meeting reduction targets has received considerable attention [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emission Abatement Technology Selection, Routing and Speed Optimization of Hybrid Ships

Ritari

Spoof-Tuomi

Huotari

et al. 2021

JMSE

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This paper evaluates the effect of a large-capacity electrical energy storage, e.g., Li-ion battery, on optimal sailing routes, speeds, fuel choice, and emission abatement technology selection. Despite rapid cost reduction and performance improvement, current Li-ion chemistries are infeasible for providing the total energy demand for ocean-crossing ships because the energy density is up to two orders of magnitude less than in liquid hydrocarbon fuels. However, limited distance zero-emission port arrival, mooring, and port departure are attainable. In this context, we formulate two groups of numerical problems. First, the well-known Emission Control Area (ECA) routing problem is extended with battery-powered zero-emission legs. ECAs have incentivized ship operators to choose longer distance routes to avoid using expensive low sulfur fuel required for compliance, resulting in increased greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The second problem evaluates the trade-off between battery capacity and speed on battery-powered zero-emission port arrival and departure legs. We develop a mixed-integer quadratically constrained program to investigate the least cost system configuration and operation. We find that the optimal speed is up to 50% slower on battery-powered legs compared to the baseline without zero-emission constraint. The slower speed on the zero-emission legs is compensated by higher speed throughout the rest of the voyage, which may increase the total amount of GHG emissions.

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Emission abatement in shipping – is it possible to reduce carbon dioxide emissions profitably?

Cited by 64 publications

References 24 publications

The key challenges and critical success factors of blockchain implementation: Policy implications for Singapore’s maritime industry

The key challenges and critical success factors of blockchain implementation: Policy implications for Singapore’s maritime industry

Towards the IMO’s GHG Goals: A Critical Overview of the Perspectives and Challenges of the Main Options for Decarbonizing International Shipping

Emission Abatement Technology Selection, Routing and Speed Optimization of Hybrid Ships

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