Emission of NO from several higher plant species

Wildt, J.; Kley, D.; Rockel, Andra; Rockel, P.; Segschneider, H.‐J.

doi:10.1029/96jd02968

Cited by 193 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Controls over the uptake of NO 2 by plant leaves are associated with the diffusive process, reflecting the interplay between the NO 2 concentration gradient between the atmosphere and the intercellular air spaces of the leaf and the stomatal conductance to NO 2 transport (Johansson 1987;Thoene et al 1991;Weber and Rennenberg 1996). Plant emission of NO 2 at low atmospheric concentrations has also been observed, indicating the existence of an NO 2 compensation point (Johansson 1987;Rondon et al 1993;Weber and Rennenberg 1996;Wildt et al 1997). Other factors that have been observed to influence NO 2 fluxes between leaves and the atmosphere include photon flux density (light intensity), temperature and relative humidity (Neubert et al 1993;Weber and Rennenberg 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Leaf uptake of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in a tropical wet forest: implications for tropospheric chemistry

et al. 2001

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Tropical forest soils are known to emit large amounts of reactive nitrogen oxide compounds, often referred to collectively as NO y (NO y = NO + NO 2 + HNO 3 + organic nitrates). Plants are known to assimilate and emit NO y and it is therefore likely that plant canopies affect the atmospheric concentration of reactive nitrogen compounds by assimilating or emitting some fraction of the soil-emitted NO y . It is crucial to understand the magnitude of the canopy effects and the primary environmental and physiological controls over NO y exchange in order to accurately quantify regional NO y inventories and parameterize models of tropospheric photochemistry. In this study we focused on nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), which is the component of NO y that most directly catalyzes the chemistry of O 3 dynamics, one of the most abundant oxidative species in the troposphere, and which has been reported as the NO y species that is most readily exchanged between plants and the atmosphere. Leaf chamber measurements of NO 2 flux were measured in 25 tree species growing in a wet tropical forest in the Republic of Panama. NO 2 was emitted to the atmosphere at ambient NO 2 concentrations below 0.53-1.60 ppbv (the NO 2 compensation point) depending on species, with the highest rate of emission being 50 pmol m -2 s -1 at <0.1 ppbv. NO 2 was assimilated by leaves at ambient NO 2 concentrations above the compensation point, with the maximum observed uptake rate being 1,550 pmol m -2 s -1 at 5 ppbv. No seasonal variation in leaf NO 2 flux was observed in this study and leaf emission and uptake appeared to be primarily controlled by leaf nitrogen and stomatal conductance, respectively. When scaled to the entire canopy, soil NO emission rates to the atmosphere were estimated to be maximally altered ±19% by the overlying canopy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Leaf uptake of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in a tropical wet forest: implications for tropospheric chemistry

et al. 2001

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“…As the ground was covered by snow during the winter, a direct release of NO 2 as a result of snow photochemistry could also cause emission (Domine and Shepson, 2002). A third mechanism potentially responsible for the upward NO 2 fluxes is emission of NO, either from plants (Wildt et al, 1997) or snow (Domine and Shepson, 2002), followed by reaction with O 3 in the canopy, resulting in a net observed upward flux. Fluxes of all species are significantly smaller at nighttime than daytime, likely due to the low turbulence (u * <0.17 m s −1 ) and significant attenuation.…”

Section: Patterns In the Fluxesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of thermal-dissociation laser induced fluorescence (TD-LIF) to measurement of HNO<sub>3</sub>, Σalkyl nitrates, Σperoxy nitrates, and NO<sub>2</sub> fluxes using eddy covariance

2006

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Abstract. Nitrogen exchange between the atmosphere and biosphere directly influences atmospheric composition. While much is known about mechanisms of NO and N 2 O emissions, instrumentation for the study of mechanisms contributing to exchange of other major nitrogen species is quite limited. Here we describe the application of a new technique, thermal dissociation-laser induced fluorescence (TD-LIF), to eddy covariance measurements of the fluxes of NO 2 , total peroxy acyl and peroxy nitrates, total alkyl and multifunctional alkyl nitrates, and nitric acid. The technique offers the potential for investigating mechanisms of exchange of these species at the canopy scale over timescales from days to years. Examples of flux measurements at a ponderosa pine plantation in the mid-elevation Sierra Nevada Mountains in California are reported and used to evaluate instrument performance.

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“…NOx concentrations may range up to 100 ppb in the air over industrialized areas (Wildt et al 1997). Because NO plays a key role in atmospheric chemistry via the photochemical production of ozone (O 3 ) in the troposphere, the molecule is important for atmospheric radical balance and generation of photooxidants.…”

Section: Nitric Oxide As a Photosynthetic Inhibitormentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrite–dependent nitric oxide production pathway: implications for involvement of active nitrogen species in photoinhibitionin vivo

Yamasaki

2000

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B

222

150

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Air pollution studies have shown that nitric oxide (NO), a gaseous free radical, is a potent photosynthetic inhibitor that reduces CO 2 uptake activity in leaves. It is now recognized that NO is not only an air pollutant but also an endogenously produced metabolite, which may play a role in regulating plant cell functions. Although many studies have suggested the presence of mammalian-type NO synthase (NOS) in plants, the source of NO is still not clear. There has been a number of studies indicating that plant cells possess a nitrite-dependent NO production pathway which can be distinguished from the NOS-mediated reaction. Nitrate reductase (NR) has been recently found to be capable of producing NO through oneelectron reduction of nitrite using NAD(P)H as an electron donor. This review focuses on current understanding of the mechanism for the nitrite-dependent NO production in plants. Impacts of NO produced by NR on photosynthesis are discussed in association with photo-oxidative stress in leaves.

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Emission of NO from several higher plant species

Cited by 193 publications

References 16 publications

Leaf uptake of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in a tropical wet forest: implications for tropospheric chemistry

Leaf uptake of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in a tropical wet forest: implications for tropospheric chemistry

Application of thermal-dissociation laser induced fluorescence (TD-LIF) to measurement of HNO<sub>3</sub>, Σalkyl nitrates, Σperoxy nitrates, and NO<sub>2</sub> fluxes using eddy covariance

Nitrite–dependent nitric oxide production pathway: implications for involvement of active nitrogen species in photoinhibitionin vivo

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Emission of NO from several higher plant species

Cited by 193 publications

References 16 publications

Leaf uptake of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in a tropical wet forest: implications for tropospheric chemistry

Leaf uptake of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in a tropical wet forest: implications for tropospheric chemistry

Application of thermal-dissociation laser induced fluorescence (TD-LIF) to measurement of HNO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, Σalkyl nitrates, Σperoxy nitrates, and NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; fluxes using eddy covariance

Nitrite–dependent nitric oxide production pathway: implications for involvement of active nitrogen species in photoinhibitionin vivo

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Application of thermal-dissociation laser induced fluorescence (TD-LIF) to measurement of HNO<sub>3</sub>, Σalkyl nitrates, Σperoxy nitrates, and NO<sub>2</sub> fluxes using eddy covariance