2001
DOI: 10.1063/1.1337924
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Emission properties of different cathodes at E⩽105 V/cm

Abstract: We present results of the investigation of different types of cathodes operating in an electron diode powered by a high-voltage generator (300 kV, 250 ns, 84 Ω, ⩽5 Hz). The cathodes which have the same emitting area of 100 cm2 are made of metal–ceramic, carbon fibers, carbon fabric, velvet, or corduroy. We also tested carbon fibers and carbon fabric cathodes coated by CsI. It was shown that for all types of cathodes the electron emission occurs from the plasma which is formed as a result of a flashover of sepa… Show more

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Cited by 164 publications
(72 citation statements)
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“…Thus, this outgassing phenomenon deteriorates the vacuum in diode chamber and shortens the effective diode gap, which represented natural limits for cathode lifetime ( 10 5 shots), pulse duration ( 10 À6 s), and maximum pulse repetition rate. 16,17 Surface coating with cesium iodide (CsI) on polymer velvet cathode is an alternative and effective strategy to reduce outgassing levels and decrease plasma expansion velocity, due to the low ionization potential and high mass of cesium. 9,18,19 However, the hygroscopicity and oxidizability of CsI in the atmosphere, 20,21 especially in the humid environment, restricted its wide application.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Thus, this outgassing phenomenon deteriorates the vacuum in diode chamber and shortens the effective diode gap, which represented natural limits for cathode lifetime ( 10 5 shots), pulse duration ( 10 À6 s), and maximum pulse repetition rate. 16,17 Surface coating with cesium iodide (CsI) on polymer velvet cathode is an alternative and effective strategy to reduce outgassing levels and decrease plasma expansion velocity, due to the low ionization potential and high mass of cesium. 9,18,19 However, the hygroscopicity and oxidizability of CsI in the atmosphere, 20,21 especially in the humid environment, restricted its wide application.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…31 Furthermore, many experiments have been carried out to investigate the temporal and spatial variations of the cathode plasma by using the imaging methods. 13,30 However, in the previous studies, most documents provided only a qualitative and phenomenological pattern of the luminosity of the diode process. More accurate and valuable information about the dynamics of the cathode plasma could be acquired by utilizing digital image processing methods.…”
mentioning
confidence: 95%
“…26,27 However, the model should be modified according to real conditions. 16,20,[28][29][30] Additionally, the spatial distribution difference of the cathode plasma was neglected in the perveance model. 31 Furthermore, many experiments have been carried out to investigate the temporal and spatial variations of the cathode plasma by using the imaging methods.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Velvet is one of the materials for explosive electron emission (EEE) in intense electron beam sources [1][2][3]. The velvet cathode generates uniform cathode plasma during the emission process under pulsed high voltage.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%