Emissions and Air Quality Relationships for Atmospheric Carbon Particles in Los Angeles

A global emission inventory of carbonaceous aerosol from historic records of fossil fuel and biofuel consumption for the period 1860–1997

“…The EF chosen by Cooke et al (1999) for industrial usage (e.g. 0.07 g/kg in developed countries) is based on values obtained by Cass et al (1982) for oil boilers. However, oil boiler combustion is most typical for domestic fuel use, and hence the EF of 0.07 g/kg in developed countries is applied to domestic usage.…”

Effects of pollutant atmospheres on surface receptors of pulmonary macrophages

“…The other complex atmosphere under study concentrates on acid-coated particles formed from diesel exhaust aerosol in the presence of HNO 3 vapor (formed by O 3 + NO 2 in ambient air) and H 2 SO 4 (formed when SO 2 is present in a photochemically polluted atmosphere). Diesel engine emissions account for about 60% of the total emission of elemental carbon in the California South Coast Air Basin (Cass et al, 1982). Elemental carbon in the fine-particle size range (aerodynamic diameter less than 10 /*m) is emitted into this air basin at a rate of about 15 metric tons per day (Cass et al, 1982).…”

“…Diesel engine emissions account for about 60% of the total emission of elemental carbon in the California South Coast Air Basin (Cass et al, 1982). Elemental carbon in the fine-particle size range (aerodynamic diameter less than 10 /*m) is emitted into this air basin at a rate of about 15 metric tons per day (Cass et al, 1982). Samples of acid mists and fogs have been collected in California's coastal region and found to have pH values as low as 2.2 (Brewer et al, 1983).…”

Sources of Carbonaceous Materials in the Airborne Particulate Matter of Dhaka

“…The two major classes of sources for EC and OC, fossil fuels and biomass based fuels exhibit distinctly different EC/TC and K/EC ratios allowing for source contributions to be estimated for EC and OC in the aerosol. Emissions from diesel engines as well as from oil-and coal-fired stationary sources exhibit EC/TC ratios in the range of 0.6-0.7 (Rau, 1989;Williams et al, 1989;Cass et al, 1982). It was found that K/EC ratio is 0.1 (Salam et al, 2003) for PM 2.5 , that indicate little influence from biofuel sources ( Table 2).…”