Emotion biases voluntary vertical action only with visible cues

Sasaki, Kyoshiro; Yamada, Yuki; Miura, Kayo

doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2015.11.003

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…This finding is in keeping with research suggesting a metaphorical association between emotion stimuli and the vertical spatial axis (e.g. Ansorge, & Bohner, 2013, Ansorge et al, 2013; Damjanovic, & Santiago, 2016; Marmolejo-Ramos et al, 2014; Meier, & Robinson, 2004; Sasaki et al, 2015, 2016; Xie et al, 2014, 2015). Indeed, the average location of the words on the horizontal axis was no different, and handedness had no effect, which lends extra support to the idea that the vertical plane is more prominent than the horizontal plane for the mapping of emotions onto space as originally suggested by Marmolejo-Ramos et al (2013).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…happy in the upper part of a computer screen). Similarly, Meier and Robinson (2004) found that positive-valenced words activated higher areas of visual space, whilst negative words activated lower areas of visual space (Study 2; see also Xie, Wang, & Chang, 2014), and Sasaki, Yamada and Miura (2015) showed that the emotional valence of images is influenced by motor action towards the upper or lower vertical spatial location (see also Sasaki, Yamada, & Miura, 2016). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

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Placing joy, surprise and sadness in space: a cross-linguistic study

Marmolejo‐Ramos

Correa

Sakarkar

et al. 2016

Psychological Research

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The valence–space metaphor posits that emotion concepts map onto vertical space such that positive concepts are in upper locations and negative in lower locations. Whilst previous studies have demonstrated this pattern for positive and negative emotions e.g. ‘joy’ and ‘sadness’, the spatial location of neutral emotions, e.g. ‘surprise’, has not been investigated, and little is known about the effect of linguistic background. In this study, we first characterised the emotions joy, surprise and sadness via ratings of their concreteness, imageability, context availability and valence before examining the allocation of these emotions in vertical space. Participants from six linguistic groups completed either a rating task used to characterise the emotions or a word allocation task to implicitly assess where these emotions are positioned in vertical space. Our findings suggest that, across languages, gender, handedness, and ages, positive emotions are located in upper spatial locations and negative emotions in lower spatial locations. In addition, we found that the neutral emotional valence of surprise is reflected in this emotion being mapped mid-way between upper and lower locations onto the vertical plane. This novel finding indicates that the location of a concept on the vertical plane mimics the concept’s degree of emotional valence.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Placing joy, surprise and sadness in space: a cross-linguistic study

Marmolejo‐Ramos

Correa

Sakarkar

et al. 2016

Psychological Research

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…If so, difficulty to move upward, not negativity bias, might have canceled out the positive effect of the upward movement. Several studies have reported positivity but not negativity biases, suggesting that the effect of metaphorical correspondences between positive emotional valence and upward location and movement can be stronger than that of negative–downward correspondences ( Crawford et al, 2006 ; Lakens, 2012 ; Gozli et al, 2013 ; Lynott and Coventry, 2014 ; Xie et al, 2015 ; Damjanovic and Santiago, 2016 ; Sasaki et al, 2016 ). For example, positive face presented at the top of a screen can be detected faster than when presented at the bottom, but there was no such metaphor congruency effect for negative face ( Damjanovic and Santiago, 2016 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, positive face presented at the top of a screen can be detected faster than when presented at the bottom, but there was no such metaphor congruency effect for negative face ( Damjanovic and Santiago, 2016 ). In addition, the subsequent manual movement with a joystick is more strongly biased upward by a positive image than downward by a negative image ( Sasaki et al, 2016 ). Further, horizontal saccadic trajectory deviates upward after the observation of a positive word; however, a negative word does not affect the saccade ( Gozli et al, 2013 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The joystick was placed on the right side of the participants’ visual periphery (i.e., without direct obstacle to the visual stimuli). The setup ( Figure 1 ) followed the one used in a previous study on the relationship between space–valence metaphor and manual action ( Sasaki et al, 2016 ). Participants responded using a standard QWERTY keyboard with their left hand.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metaphorical Action Retrospectively but Not Prospectively Alters Emotional Judgment

2018

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Metaphorical association between vertical space and emotional valence is activated by bodily movement toward the corresponding space. Upward or downward manual movement “following” observation of emotional images is reported to alter the perceived valence as more positive or negative. This study aimed to clarify this retrospective emotional modulation. Experiment 1 investigated the effects of temporal order of emotional stimuli and manual movements. Participants performed upward, downward, or horizontal manual movements immediately before or after observation of emotional images; they then rated the valence of the image. The images were rated as more negative in downward- than in horizontal-movement conditions only when the movements followed the image observation. Upward movement showed no effect. Experiment 2 examined the effects of temporal proximity between images, movements, and ratings. The results showed that a 2-s interval either between image and movement or movement and rating nullified the retrospective effect. Bodily movement that corresponds to space–valence metaphor retrospectively, but not prospectively, alters the perceived valence of emotional stimuli. This effect requires temporal proximity between emotional stimulus, the subsequent movement, and rating of the stimulus. With respect to the lack of effect of upward–positive correspondence, anisotropy in effects of movement direction is discussed.

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Drawing sounds: representing tones and chords spatially

et al. 2016

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Research on the crossmodal correspondences has revealed that seemingly unrelated perceptual information can be matched across the senses in a manner that is consistent across individuals. An interesting extension of this line of research is to study how sensory information biases action. In the present study, we investigated whether different sounds (i.e. tones and piano chords) would bias participants' hand movements in a free movement task. Right-handed participants were instructed to move a computer mouse in order to represent three tones and two chords. They also had to rate each sound in terms of three visual analogue scales (slow-fast, unpleasant-pleasant, and weak-strong). The results demonstrate that tones and chords influence hand movements, with higher-(lower-)pitched sounds giving rise to a significant bias towards upper (lower) locations in space. These results are discussed in terms of the literature on forward models, embodied cognition, crossmodal correspondences, and mental imagery. Potential applications sports and rehabilitation are discussed briefly.

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Emotion biases voluntary vertical action only with visible cues

Cited by 12 publications

References 52 publications

Placing joy, surprise and sadness in space: a cross-linguistic study

Placing joy, surprise and sadness in space: a cross-linguistic study

Metaphorical Action Retrospectively but Not Prospectively Alters Emotional Judgment

Drawing sounds: representing tones and chords spatially

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