Emotion self-regulation training in major depressive disorder using simultaneous real-time fMRI and EEG neurofeedback

Neurofeedback training in major depressive disorder: a systematic review of clinical efficacy, study quality and reporting practices

“…Unmedicated patients were assigned either to the experimental group (N=16) that received veridical feedback or a control group (N=8) that received randomly generated feedback signals that were unrelated to their brain activity. The results suggested that the experimental group showed increased activity in the left amygdala, EEG asymmetries, as well as enhanced functional connectivity between the left amygdala and the left rACC [113]. However, no information about clinical effects was reported in this study.…”

A systematic review of fMRI neurofeedback reporting and effects in clinical populations

“… – – – – Hamilton et al, 2016 $ Depression 12 Fronto-insular cortex and dACC Yes Yes ✓ * Clin Yoked ✓ ↓ Yes No Pre-post – – – – Yuan et al, 2014 Depression 14 # Left amygdala Yes Yes – ** Multi. Healthy NFB and Clin Diff ROI – ↑ - – – Clin ↑ – – – Young et al, 2014 $ Depression 14 # Left amygdala Yes Yes ✓ ** Clin Diff ROI ✗ ↑ Yes Yes Yes Clin ↑ – – – Young et al, 2017a , Young et al, 2017b , Young et al, 2018 Depression 19 # Left amygdala Yes Yes ✓ ** Clin Diff ROI ✓ ↑ Yes Yes Yes Clin ↑ Yes – NCT02079610 Zotev et al, 2016 $ Depression 13 # Left amygdala Yes Yes ✓ ** Clin Diff ROI ✗ ↑ Yes Yes Yes Clin ↑ – – – Zotev et al, 2020 ^$ Depression 16 # Left amygdala and left rACC Yes Yes ✓ …”

Effects of simultaneous real-time fMRI and EEG neurofeedback in major depressive disorder evaluated with brain electromagnetic tomography

“…The main promise of rtfMRI-EEG-nf for treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders is its ability to significantly alter both fMRI and EEG activity measures relevant to a specific disorder. However, implementation of rtfMRI-EEG-nf is technically challenging, and its mechanisms of action remain insufficiently investigated (see Lioi et al, 2020 , Mano et al, 2017 , Perronnet et al, 2017 , Zotev et al, 2014 , Zotev et al, 2020 ).…”

“…Recently, we completed an emotion self-regulation study, in which patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) used rtfMRI-EEG-nf to simultaneously upregulate two EEG-nf and two rtfMRI-nf target measures, while inducing happy emotion ( Zotev et al, 2020 ). The target measures for EEG-nf included right-vs-left frontal alpha EEG asymmetry (FAA) and left-vs-right frontal high-beta EEG asymmetry (FBA) for EEG channels F3 and F4.…”

“…The rtfMRI-nf target measures included fMRI activity of the left amygdala (LA) and fMRI activity of the left rostral anterior cingulate cortex (L rACC). We selected these four target measures, because each of them is relevant to MDD ( Zotev et al, 2020 ). During the rtfMRI-EEG-nf procedure, the MDD patients were able to significantly increase the FAA, the FBA, and the LA fMRI activation.…”