Emotional and Social Loneliness in Individuals With and Without Substance Dependence Disorder

Hosseinbor, Mohsen; Ardekani, Seyed Mojtaba Yassini; Bakhshani, Saeed; Bakhshani, Somayeh

doi:10.5812/ijhrba.22688

Cited by 61 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In comparison with studies using similar definitions of loneliness, this prevalence is much higher than that reported in Chinese rural-to-urban migrant workers (18.3%) and older adults (33%) [ 13 , 17 ]. The high prevalence of loneliness in HDPs found in this study is concordant with the significantly higher level of loneliness experienced by young MDMA users and individuals with substance use disorder compared with healthy controls [ 24 , 25 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Sleep in lonely heroin-dependent patients receiving methadone maintenance treatment: longer sleep latency, shorter sleep duration, lower sleep efficiency, and poorer sleep quality

Zhong

et al. 2017

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Given the socially isolated status of Chinese heroin-dependent patients (HDPs) and the significant association between loneliness and sleep problem in the general population, the impact of loneliness on sleep of HDPs is potentially substantial. The study aimed to test whether loneliness is associated with poor sleep in terms of quantity and quality in a consecutive sample of Chinese HDPs receiving methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). The study participants were 603 HDPs of three MMT clinics in Wuhan, China. Data on socio-demographic and clinical characteristics were collected by a standardized self-administered questionnaire. Sleep outcomes included sleep latency, sleep duration, sleep efficiency, and sleep quality. We measured depressive symptoms, loneliness, and sleep quality by using Zung’s Self-rating Depression Scale, the single-item self-report of loneliness, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, respectively. Multiple linear regression was used to examine whether loneliness is independently associated with sleep measures. After controlling for the confounding effects of potential socio-demographic and clinical variables, loneliness was significantly associated with longer sleep latency, shorter sleep duration, lower sleep efficiency, and poorer sleep quality. Loneliness may exacerbate sleep disturbance in Chinese HDPs of MMT clinics. Psychosocial interventions aimed at reducing loneliness in MMT clinics would improve the sleep of HDPs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Sleep in lonely heroin-dependent patients receiving methadone maintenance treatment: longer sleep latency, shorter sleep duration, lower sleep efficiency, and poorer sleep quality

Zhong

et al. 2017

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“…They abuse drugs due to social isolation, frustration, depression, curiosity and mostly, refusal by loved ones. Mainly depression constitutes a key emotional configuration that can contribute to the initial voluntary decision of a person to use drugs [50], [54][55][56]. Major risk factors responsible for drug abuse are family disorganization, parental neglect, parent-child conflict, loss of spouse strife, indiscipline, isolation, lack of emotional support, rejection of love, complex relationship status, over-protection, unemployment, repeated failure and personality mal-adjustment and easy availability of controlled drugs without prescriptions [57].…”

Section: The Major Risk Factors Of Addictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug Addiction in Bangladesh: “A Consequence of Social Demoralization Rather Than Individual Flaws”

Mohiuddin¹,

Trust²

2019

IJART

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Addiction is a maladaptive pattern of drug abuse including alcohol, caffeine, cannabis, hallucinogens, inhalants, opioids, sedatives, hypnotics and anxiolytics, stimulants, tobacco and others that persists despite negative consequences. An article of New England Journal of Medicine says "addiction is a disease of the brain" whereas another leading journal specifies "Genetics contributes significantly to vulnerability to this disorder". Neurological changes observed in long-term substance abusers are nearly identical to those seen in people struggling with obesity, porn aficionados, gamblers, internet "addicts", compulsive shoppers and simply those involved in intense romantic relationships. As with many other brain diseases, addiction has embedded behavioral and social-context aspects that are important parts of the disorder itself. An increased incidence of addiction is clearly a reflection of social demoralization. In countries like Bangladesh, people are easily demoralized because of social or peer influence. And widespread corruption, creating severe social injustices, various types of criminal activities is very common here. Issues of moral value declines in common people are expressed in many literatures. Frustration, unemployment, lack of recreation facilities and bad companionship are the epic reasons of drug addiction among youth in this country.

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“…For example, people may use drugs and alcohol to cope with negative feelings such as depression and loneliness, and recovered addicts may turn to substances again if they fail to overcome the loneliness of their life after recovery. In addition, there is evidence that addiction could lead to isolation and loneliness, because individuals who are lost to an active addiction unconsciously tend to alienate friends and damage relationships with family members [ 1 , 3 , 5 ]. Importantly, repairing a broken relationship can be very difficult for addicts during or after the recovery, leading to increased risk of relapse via the mechanisms of loneliness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Loneliness and its impact on quality of life in Chinese heroin-dependent patients receiving methadone maintenance treatment

Yang

Chen

et al. 2017

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To date, no studies have examined loneliness in Chinese patients with substance use disorders. This study determined the prevalence and socio-demographic and clinical correlates of loneliness and its impact on quality of life (QOL) in Chinese heroin-dependent patients (HDPs) receiving methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). A total of 603 HDPs were consecutively recruited from three city-owned MMT clinics in Wuhan, China, and administered with a standardized questionnaire to collect socio-demographic and clinical data. Loneliness and QOL were assessed with a single-item self-report question and World Health Organization QOL Scale Brief Version, respectively. As high as 55.9% Chinese HDPs of MMT clinics endorsed loneliness. Multiple logistic regression found that non-married status, unemployment, religious beliefs, a history of injecting heroin, poor interpersonal relationship, and more depressive symptoms were significant contributors to loneliness. Lonely HDPs had significantly poorer physical and psychological QOL than not lonely HDPs. After controlling for the potential confounding effects of socio-demographic and clinical factors with analysis of covariance, these group-differences in physical (F = 127.169, P < 0.001) and psychological (F = 85.004, P < 0.001) QOL remained statistically significant. Loneliness is prevalent in HDPs receiving MMT and independently associated with poor QOL. To address this serious issue, psychosocial services, including the identification of psychosocial problems, expanded social supports that focus on promoting mental wellbeing, and, when necessary, psychiatric assessment and treatment, should be routinely provided in Chinese MMT settings.

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Emotional and Social Loneliness in Individuals With and Without Substance Dependence Disorder

Cited by 61 publications

References 19 publications

Sleep in lonely heroin-dependent patients receiving methadone maintenance treatment: longer sleep latency, shorter sleep duration, lower sleep efficiency, and poorer sleep quality

Sleep in lonely heroin-dependent patients receiving methadone maintenance treatment: longer sleep latency, shorter sleep duration, lower sleep efficiency, and poorer sleep quality

Drug Addiction in Bangladesh: “A Consequence of Social Demoralization Rather Than Individual Flaws”

Loneliness and its impact on quality of life in Chinese heroin-dependent patients receiving methadone maintenance treatment

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