17This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.Many job posts require one to display emotions specified by organisational standards. Such work is referred to as emotional labour (EL) and consists in producing particular emotional reactions in contacts with a customer as well as suppressing the actual emotional reactions that could be seen negatively by the other party. An employee may cope with such work by choosing one of two strategies: surface acting or deep acting. Emotional labour has various consequences, and professional burnout is among the negative ones. The objective of the article is to review the literature concerned with the exercise and the consequences of EL and analyse the relationship between surface and deep acting and the level of professional burnout among selected professional groups (N=297). Furthermore, the authors examine the correlation between an employee's competences and their preferred style of EL and assess the moderating role of competences in negative consequences of EL. Analyses confirm that the persons characterised by surface role-playing display a higher level of professional burnout; however, no correlation is found between deep role-playing and lower professional burnout. Analysis of the coefficients of correlation demonstrates no significant correlation between an employee's competences and deep acting, whereas a statistically significant correlation is discovered between competences and the surface strategy. The higher the competences, the less likely the employee will exercise surface acting. Verification of the last hypothesis reveals that people with a higher level of competences who follow the surface strategy in terms of faking emotions are characterised by a lower level of professional burnout than employees with lower competences.
IntroductionThe practical experiences of employees show that work is more and more commonly connected with displaying a certain type of emotion (Ashforth & Humphrey, 1995;Hochschild, 2009). Organisations dictate to employees how to react emotionally with standard behaviours in relations with customers, specifying the manners of greeting, servicing standards, and complaint handling (Grandey, 2000). Such practices often cause the employees to find themselves in a situation where the emotions they feel do not correspond to the emoThe relationship between employees' competences and the consequences and manner of exercising emotional labour (EL) ABSTRACT J24, L80