Emotional stability, anxiety, and natural killer activity under examination stress

Borella, Paola; Bargellini, Annalisa; Rovesti, Sergio; Pinelli, Massimo; Vivoli, Roberto; Solfrini, Valentina; Vivoli, Gianfranco

doi:10.1016/s0306-4530(99)00016-5

Cited by 63 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Moreover, the results of this investigation are in agreement with those of a previous research showing that NK or LAK cytotoxic activity is reduced in subjects with anxiety and low emotional stability (Borella et al 1999), depressive disorders (Schleifer et al 1996), mental instability (Morimoto et al 2001), or in those who had not recovered from an acute stress (Gerra et al 2003).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Only the Wrst of these subgroups showed a signiWcant correlation of the cytotoxic activity of the NK cells with anxiety, job strain and perception of symptoms. This suggest that work load aVects the immune response depending on the emotional stability and on the levels of anxiety as it was reported in a previous study on the examination stress (Borella et al 1999). Moreover, it was shown that increased work load aVect blood NK activity also in emergency physicians and nurses (Morikawa et al 2005;Okamoto et al 2008).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…Mental stimulation may be helpful or dangerous to human health depending on dose and genetic predisposition. Blood NK activity was studied in response to examination stress in cadets of an Italian Military Academy with diVerent levels of emotional stability and anxiety (Borella et al 1999): examination stress signiWcantly enhanced NK cell activity in the high emotional stability/low anxiety group, while it signiWcantly decreased NK activity in the low emotional stability/high anxiety group.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Blood natural killer activity is reduced in men with occupational stress and job insecurity working in a university

Boscolo

Donato

Giampaolo

et al. 2008

Int Arch Occup Environ Health

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Blood natural killer activity is reduced in men with occupational stress and job insecurity working in a university

Boscolo

Donato

Giampaolo

et al. 2008

Int Arch Occup Environ Health

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show abstract

“…Stress related effects have been noted for hematological indices such as red blood counts, hemoglobin [16] , blood pressure, heart rate [17] ,immunity in the form of natural killer cells activity [18] and hormones such as cortisol [19] .In addition, it appears that there is disparity between social examination (self-reported) and physiological stress that have not been correlated well enough in the literature. This demonstrates the importance of utilizing both social and physiological tests.…”

Section: Test Of Anxietymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Dental Anxiety Level and Patients’ Knowledge of the Procedure

Alshathri¹,

Pharmacy²

2017

IJDOH

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Background and Aim: Patients avoids dental treatments due to fear and anxiety.Our aim is to determine the relationship between dental anxiety level and patients' knowledge of the procedure steps to be conducted, and to perceive the correlation between heart rate and dental anxiety. Material and Methods: A random sample of patients were divided in to two groups. The study group were shown a video describing the dental procedure, after filling the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) questionnaire. The heart rates of the study group were recorded four times with a pulse Oximeter; in the waiting area, while watching the video, on the dental chair and after the procedure. The control group had their heart rates recorded three times; without watching videos. Results: Increased heart rate were detected while watching the video, and when seated on the dental chair, the study group showed a higher heart rate reading than the control group. The study group showed a higher salivary cortisol level than the control. Discussion: Salivary cortisol and heart rate can be reliable to confirm patient's anxiety level.A positive relation found between MDAS and both heart rate and salivary cortisol. Our study reviled increased dental anxiety among patients receiving detailed information about the producers.

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“…The killing process begins when the NK cell binds to the target cell and releases it's lethal burst of chemicals that produce holes in the target cell membrane [17]. The NK cell function is very important to the maintenance of good health and prevention of many diseases [18,19]. It is therefore very important to improve our life style so as to elevate NK cell function as much as possible [20,21].…”

Section: Fig 1 Effect Of Ginkgo On Natural Killer (Nk) Cells After Amentioning

confidence: 99%

The modulation of immunological activities in human NK cells by extracts of ginkgo

Matsushima

Morimoto

2009

Environ Health Prev Med

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Objective To investigate the association between extracts of ginkgo and the immune system by determining changes in natural killer (NK) cell activity and surface markers in human NK cells and by analyzing for surface markers. Methods Natural killer cell activity was determined in peripheral blood samples of three subjects who received ginkgo daily (250 ml/day; (ginkgo concentration 40 mg/ml) for 14 days by the non-radioisotopic Europium (non-RI Eu) release assay. Peripheral blood samples were taken three times during the study period: before ginkgo sample ingestion, on day 7 after ginkgo ingestion, and on day 14 after ginkgo ingestion). The peripheral blood samples were also analyzed for surface markers (CD56, CD3, CD19, CD20, CD4, CD8) using a fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACScalibur). Results The non-RI Eu release assay revealed that the ingestion of ginkgo extracts elevated NK cell activity in the subjects, with the highest activity recorded following treatment with an extract at a concentration of 400-800 lg/ml. The analysis for surface markers using the FACScalibur showed that the expression of CD56 (NK cell surface marker) was elevated and the expression of CD19 had dropped in our subjects by day 14 of ginkgo ingestion. There was no significant difference in surface markers after 7 days of ginkgo ingestion. Conclusion Ginkgo extracts were found to affect immunological activities and surface markers (CD56) in human NK cells. Our results also reveal an optimal range of ginkgo concentration-from 400 to 800 lg/ml-within which its immunopotentiating activity is highest. It took at least 2 weeks to affect surface markers in human NK cells after ginkgo ingestion, and surface markers were not affected after 7 days of ginkgo ingestion.

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Emotional stability, anxiety, and natural killer activity under examination stress

Cited by 63 publications

References 61 publications

Blood natural killer activity is reduced in men with occupational stress and job insecurity working in a university

Blood natural killer activity is reduced in men with occupational stress and job insecurity working in a university

The Relationship between Dental Anxiety Level and Patients’ Knowledge of the Procedure

The modulation of immunological activities in human NK cells by extracts of ginkgo

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